[PYTHON] Draw a graph with PySimple GUI

What you can read this article

With the PySimple GUI you will be able to:

--You will be able to draw bar graphs, line graphs, etc. --Graph that updates the display regularly

For the basic operation of PySimpleGUI, please refer to If you use Tkinter, try using PySimpleGUI.

Overview

I think there are many people who analyze data as a way to use Python. Also, some people may want to visualize the analysis results with line graphs and bar graphs.

There are roughly two ways to use graphs with PySimpleGUI.

-Draw using graph-element --Embed matplotlib and draw

This time, I will explain how to create using graph-element.

About graph-element

graph-element is a class used for drawing. In tkinter, drawing is done using canvas, but the graph-element of PySimpleGUI is made easier to use by devising the coordinate system of canvs.

As a basic usage Use the Graph class to specify the size of the drawing area, the lower left coordinates (origin) of the drawing area, and the upper right coordinates.

graph = sg.Graph((500,500), (0,0), (500, 500))

After that, we will use each drawing method for the graph.

--DrawCircle: Draw a circle --DrawLine: Draw a line --DrawPoint: Place points --DrawRectangle: Draw a rectangle --DrawOval: Draw an arc --DrawImage: Display the image --DrawText: Draw characters

Of these, the following are used when drawing bar graphs and pie charts.

--DrawLine: Used to draw lines, auxiliary lines, and scales on line graphs. --DrawPoint: Used to draw plotted points on a line chart or to draw an arc like a sine wave --DrawText: Used to display graph labels and values per plot

Also use the following methods.

--Erase: Clears the drawing area. It is used for non to delete the graph that was being drawn when switching graphs. --Move: Moves what is drawn in the x and y directions. Used to move the graph in real time

code

I will post a summary of the official sample code. Switch the contents of the graph with the button

Execution screen

code

import PySimpleGUI as sg
from random import randint
import math
"""
The following official samples are integrated into one
https://pysimplegui.trinket.io/demo-programs#/graph-element/graph-element-bar-chart
https://pysimplegui.trinket.io/demo-programs#/graph-element/graph-element-sine-wave
https://pysimplegui.trinket.io/demo-programs#/graph-element/graph-element-line-graph-with-labels
https://pysimplegui.trinket.io/demo-programs#/graph-element/animated-line-graph
"""

#constant
GRAPH_SIZE = (500, 500)
DATA_SIZE = (500, 500)

# 
PLOTS_NUMBER = 30
RAND_MAX = 400

#For polygonal lines
LINE_BAR_WIDTH = 10
LINE_BAR_SPACING = 16
LINE_EDGE_OFFSET = 3

#bar graph
BAR_WIDTH = 50
BAR_SPACING = 75
EDGE_OFFSET = 3

#Sign graph
SIZE_X = GRAPH_SIZE[0]//2
SIZE_Y = GRAPH_SIZE[1]//2
NUMBER_MARKER_FREQUENCY = 25

#Animation
GRAPH_STEP_SIZE = 5
DELAY = 15  #Time interval

#Layout
#Setting the drawing area of the graph
graph = sg.Graph(GRAPH_SIZE, (0, 0), DATA_SIZE,
                 key='-GRAPH-', background_color='white',)

layout = [[sg.Text('chart demo')],
          [graph],
          [sg.Button('LINE'), sg.Button('chart'), sg.Button('Both'), sg.Button('pie chart'), sg.Button('Sine wave'),sg.Button('animation') ]]

window = sg.Window('Simple graph sample', layout)

before_value = 0  #Initialize line graph
delay = x = lastx = lasty = 0  #Animation initialization

is_animated = False


def draw_axis():
    """Draw auxiliary lines on the X and Y axes

Origin at the bottom left of the graph element(0,0)Is set as
Moving with the center of the graph area as the origin
    """

    graph.draw_line((0, SIZE_Y), (SIZE_X*2, SIZE_Y))  #origin
    graph.draw_line((SIZE_X, 0), (SIZE_X, SIZE_Y*2))

    for x in range(0, SIZE_X*2, NUMBER_MARKER_FREQUENCY):
        graph.draw_line((x, SIZE_Y-3), (x, SIZE_Y+3))  #Draw a scale
        if x != 0:
            graph.draw_text(str(x-SIZE_X), (x, SIZE_Y-10),
                            color='green')  #Draw the value of the scale

    for y in range(0, SIZE_Y*2+1, NUMBER_MARKER_FREQUENCY):
        graph.draw_line((SIZE_X-3, y), (SIZE_X+3, y))
        if y != 0:
            graph.draw_text(str(y-SIZE_Y), (SIZE_X-10, y), color='blue')


while True:

    if is_animated:
        #Regularly'__TIMEOUT__'Event is issued
        event, values = window.Read(timeout=DELAY)
    else:
        event, values = window.Read()

    if event is None:
        break

    if event == 'LINE':
        is_animated = False
        #Show labeled line chart
        graph.Erase()  #Graph display Delete both machines

        for i in range(PLOTS_NUMBER):
            graph_value = randint(0, 400)
            if i > 0:
                graph.DrawLine(((i-1) * LINE_BAR_SPACING + LINE_EDGE_OFFSET + LINE_BAR_WIDTH/2,  before_value),
                               (i * LINE_BAR_SPACING + LINE_EDGE_OFFSET + LINE_BAR_WIDTH/2, graph_value), color='green', width=1)

            #Display line label (y value)
            graph.DrawText(text=graph_value, location=(
                i * LINE_BAR_SPACING+EDGE_OFFSET+2, graph_value+10))

            graph.DrawPoint((i * LINE_BAR_SPACING + LINE_EDGE_OFFSET +
                             LINE_BAR_WIDTH/2, graph_value), size=3, color='green',)

            before_value = graph_value

    if event == 'chart':
        is_animated = False

        #Delete bar chart
        graph.Erase()
        for i in range(PLOTS_NUMBER):
            graph_value = randint(0, 400)
            graph.DrawRectangle(top_left=(i * BAR_SPACING + EDGE_OFFSET, graph_value),
                                bottom_right=(i * BAR_SPACING + EDGE_OFFSET + BAR_WIDTH, 0), fill_color='blue')
            graph.DrawText(text=graph_value, location=(
                i*BAR_SPACING+EDGE_OFFSET+25, graph_value+10))

    if event == 'Both':
        is_animated = False

        #Show both line and bar charts
        graph.Erase()
        for i in range(PLOTS_NUMBER):
            graph_value = randint(0, 400)
            graph.DrawRectangle(top_left=(i * BAR_SPACING + EDGE_OFFSET, graph_value),
                                bottom_right=(i * BAR_SPACING + EDGE_OFFSET + BAR_WIDTH, 0), fill_color='blue')
            graph.DrawText(text=graph_value, location=(
                i*BAR_SPACING+EDGE_OFFSET+25, graph_value+10))

            if i > 0:
                graph.DrawLine(((i-1) * LINE_BAR_SPACING + LINE_EDGE_OFFSET + LINE_BAR_WIDTH/2,  before_value),
                               (i * LINE_BAR_SPACING + LINE_EDGE_OFFSET + LINE_BAR_WIDTH/2, graph_value), color='green', width=1)

            graph.DrawText(text=graph_value, location=(
                i * LINE_BAR_SPACING+EDGE_OFFSET+2, graph_value+10))

            graph.DrawPoint((i * LINE_BAR_SPACING + LINE_EDGE_OFFSET +
                             LINE_BAR_WIDTH/2, graph_value), size=3, color='green',)
            before_value = graph_value

    if event == 'pie chart':
        is_animated = False
        graph.erase()
        
        # create_arc()Can't be filled because there is no fill
        graph.DrawArc( (50,50), (DATA_SIZE[0]-50, DATA_SIZE[1]-50), extent=-200, start_angle=90)
        graph.DrawArc( (50,50), (DATA_SIZE[0]-50, DATA_SIZE[1]-50), extent=-400, start_angle=-110 ,arc_color="yellow")
        graph.DrawArc( (50,50), (DATA_SIZE[0]-50, DATA_SIZE[1]-50), extent=-50,  start_angle=-510 , arc_color="blue")
        graph.DrawArc( (50,50), (DATA_SIZE[0]-50, DATA_SIZE[1]-50), extent=-50,  start_angle=-560 , arc_color="red")
        graph.DrawArc( (50,50), (DATA_SIZE[0]-50, DATA_SIZE[1]-50), extent=-20,  start_angle=-610 , arc_color="green")

    if event == 'Sine wave':
        is_animated = False
        graph.erase()

        draw_axis()
        prev_x = prev_y = None
        for x in range(0, SIZE_X*2):
            y = math.sin(x/75)*100 + SIZE_Y
            if prev_x is not None:
                graph.draw_line((prev_x, prev_y), (x, y), color='red')
            prev_x, prev_y = x, y

    if event == 'animation' or is_animated:

        if not is_animated:
            graph.Erase()  #Delete the graph once

        is_animated = True

        #Display a graph that moves in chronological order
        step_size, delay = GRAPH_STEP_SIZE, DELAY
        y = randint(0, GRAPH_SIZE[1])
        if x < GRAPH_SIZE[0]:  #First time
            # window['-GRAPH-'].DrawLine((lastx, lasty), (x, y), width=1)
            graph.DrawLine((lastx, lasty), (x, y), width=1)
        else:
            # window['-GRAPH-'].Move(-step_size, 0)  #Shift the entire graph to the left
            # window['-GRAPH-'].DrawLine((lastx, lasty), (x, y), width=1)
            graph.Move(-step_size, 0)  #Shift the entire graph to the left
            graph.DrawLine((lastx, lasty), (x, y), width=1)
            x -= step_size
            lastx, lasty = x, y
        lastx, lasty = x, y
        x += step_size

window.Close()

The difference from the official graph is that the coordinates of the sine wave started at (0,0) at the origin of the entire canvas this time, so the coordinates of (250,250) are shifted to the origin. In the official sample, the coordinates at the left end are (250, -250). Also, there is no official sample for the pie chart, and I tried to implement it independently using the DrawArc method, but there is no fill parameter that fills the inside of the circle, and the angle specification is unique and time-consuming. So I think it's better to stop making pie charts

By using the graph-element of PySimpleGUI, it is possible to create simple graphs such as bar graphs and line graphs, such as those created with the graph function of Excel.

About official graph related samples

PySimpleGUI has many sample files, and there are many useful samples that can be used as reference for implementation.

--Official demo - https://github.com/PySimpleGUI/PySimpleGUI/tree/master/DemoPrograms

--Official demo 2 - https://pysimplegui.trinket.io/demo-programs#/demo-programs/the-basic-pysimplegui-program

Here are some samples that I personally find useful and interesting.

Cooperation with matplotlib

• https://github.com/PySimpleGUI/PySimpleGUI/blob/master/DemoPrograms/Demo_Matplotlib.py --Cooperation with matplotlib. There are several other demos using matplotlib

Animation to sort

• https://pysimplegui.trinket.io/demo-programs#/graph-element/visualizing-sorts --Animated graph that sorts the values of the bar graph by bubble sort.

Real-time graph showing CPU usage

• https://github.com/PySimpleGUI/PySimpleGUI-Rainmeter-CPU-Cores/blob/master/PySimpleGUI_Rainmeter_CPU_Cores.py --This is a graph that displays the CPU value. The background is translucent or the tabs are hidden

Summary

You can see that you can easily create graphs using PySimpleGUI. In the official sample of PySimpleGUI, there are some other samples using graphs, so please take a look if you are interested.