Install python from source

You can put python from yum, but not always the latest version However, I don't like to increase the number of repositories unnecessarily, so I installed it from the source. The OS is CentOS 7.

# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)

0. All steps

# cd /usr/local/src
# curl -O https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.2/Python-3.6.2.tar.xz
# tar Jxf Python-3.6.2.tar.xz
# cd Python-3.6.2
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python362 --with-ensurepip
# yum -y install zlib-devel openssl-devel tk-devel
# make
# make test
# make install
# ln -s /usr/local/python362/bin/python3.6 /bin/python3
# ln -s /usr/local/python362/bin/pip3.6 /bin/pip3

1. Get the latest version of the source

Is it troublesome to open the browser one by one? Search by curl. Suppress progress display with -s.

# curl -s https://www.python.org/downloads/source/ | grep -i latest
            <li><a href="/downloads/release/python-362/">Latest Python 3 Release - Python 3.6.2</a></li>
            <li><a href="/downloads/release/python-2713/">Latest Python 2 Release - Python 2.7.13</a></li>

The latest version is 3.6.2, so download it. -O is the same name as the remote and is output locally. Since it is a compilation before this, the location should be user / usr / local / src.

# cd /usr/local/src
# curl -O https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.2/Python-3.6.2.tar.xz

Unzip. The xz format can be decompressed with the J option of tar.

# tar Jxf Python-3.6.2.tar.xz

2. Installation

Run configure. As for the installation destination, considering that the latest version will be installed later, I want to set it to / usr / local / python362, so specify prefix in configure. By the way, pip is used a lot, so specify to install it at the same time.

# cd Python-3.6.2
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python362 --with-ensurepip

By executing configure, system libraries, commands, etc. Check what you need to compile and Create a Makefile that includes the prefix given as an option.

Next, install the pip prerequisite package (if not).

# yum -y install zlib-devel openssl-devel tk-devel

Next, compile based on the Makefile with make.

# make

Next, test if the make test works.

# make test
(Abbreviation)
zipimport.ZipImportError: can't decompress data; zlib not available
(Abbreviation)
Tests result: FAILURE
make: *** [test]Error 1

If it doesn't work, it looks like this. (Error when pip premise zlib is not included)

After SUCCESS, finally install with make install.

# make install

3. Create a link

Create links to python3 and pip3 under / bin.

# ln -s /usr/local/python362/bin/python3.6 /bin/python3
# ln -s /usr/local/python362/bin/pip3.6 /bin/pip3

Finally, display the version and check.

# python3 -V
Python 3.6.2
# pip3 -V
pip 9.0.1 from /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (python 3.6)

That's it.

• If you want to see ghost stories, please continue reading. *

4. Don't replace the link

** I was addicted to doing this at first, so I will leave it as a lesson. ** **

The existing link is a link to version 2, so switch this. By the way, I'll also make a pip link.

# which python
/bin/python
# ls -l /bin/python
lrwxrwxrwx.1 root root 7 May 2 13:00 /bin/python -> python2
# mv /bin/python /bin/_python
# ln -s /usr/local/python362/bin/python3.6 /bin/python
# ln -s /usr/local/python362/bin/pip3.6 /bin/pip

Finally, display the version and check.

# python -V
Python 3.6.2
# pip -V
pip 9.0.1 from /usr/local/python362/lib/python3.6/site-packages (python 3.6)

It didn't end with * ... *

Then I installed it and tried to put it in scipy with pip.

# pip install scipy
pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.

Oh yeah, you need SSL. So let's put openssl-devel in yum. (* Actually, remake is required)

# yum -y install openssl-devel
  File "/bin/yum", line 30
    except KeyboardInterrupt, e:
                            ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

** (゜ ゜)… ** I got stuck with a face for a while. The reason is The way to write except has changed from Python3.

• I didn't know that yum was implemented in python ... *

Therefore, shebang was changed as follows as a first aid measure. I don't really want to modify people's scripts, but ...

#!/usr/bin/python2

If you think it will work with

# yum -y install openssl-devel
(Abbreviation)
Downloading packages:
  File "/usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down", line 28
    except OSError, e:
                  ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax


It ends with the cancellation of the user

** Mata Omae? **

… So don't mess with the existing ones.