[PYTHON] Let's make a cycle computer with Raspberry Pi Zero (W, WH)
github repository is here https://github.com/hishizuka/pizero_bikecomputer
(2020/4/30) We reviewed the article structure and changed the "latest update" to the original article "[A story that I tried to make a cycle computer with a sword, but it was relatively successful](https: // qiita) .com / hisi / items / 8f77fd4655027fac7c7d) ”.
This is the 22nd day of Road Bike Advent Calendar 2019. It's a very unique post, but thank you.
The author has been working on building a cycle computer from scratch for several years. Since I reached a certain shape in the spring of 2019, I released "A story that I tried to make a cycle computer with a gachi and it was relatively good" did. ~~ Actually, it was an application for Maker Faire Tokyo 2019, so I wrote it with a lot of poem ingredients, but I was brilliantly rejected (laughs) ~~
Thankfully, this post itself received a great deal of feedback, so this time I took the opportunity to transcribe the sequel.
This time, the recipe (program + how to assemble) will be released, so please try it by actually moving your hands! We hope that you will feel the new enjoyment of being able to create your own device from a small single computer.
Since the volume of the article has become quite large, the explanation of the program will be posted at a later date, and daily detailed updates will be posted on Twitter. Thank you for your cooperation.
(2020/4/29) The description of "Most recent update" is described in the first article "[Story that I tried to make a cycle computer with Gachi, but it was relatively successful](https://qiita.com/hishi/ I merged it into items / 8f77fd4655027fac7c7d) "and deleted it from this article.
Introduction
I am making a cycle computer for sports bicycles with Raspberry Pi Zero W. For the functions and hardware configuration being implemented, please read "The story that I tried to make a cycle computer with a gut, but it was relatively successful" Please give me.
It looks like this now. It is waterproof to some extent by substituting Topeak's smartphone case.
Since there is no outer case, the buttons are a little difficult to press, but they can be used normally. In 2019, we got data of over 2,500km (= roughly half a day 50km x 4 weeks x 12 months somewhere on Saturdays and Sundays). (I miss the time when I was able to run a total of 200km or more on Saturdays and Sundays without any restrictions ...)
How to make
Well then, wait, the recipe will be unveiled. It's quite long, so please use it when you have time to spare.
Confirmation of startup on PC
First, try starting the software on your PC.
Things necessary
--python (version3 series) execution environment --pip3 command --Python programming skills, skills to install required packages --git command
Until startup
Bring it from the repository with the git command.
$ git clone https://github.com/hishizuka/pizero_bikecomputer.git
Make a copy of the initialization file.
$ cd pizero_bikecomputer
$ cp install/setting-orig.conf setting.conf
$ cp layouts/layout-cycling.yaml layout.yaml
Install the required packages. PyQtGraph has been partially modified, so please install the one in my repository.
$ pip3 install PyQt5 numpy oyaml pillow
$ pip3 install git+https://github.com/hishizuka/pyqtgraph.git
Check if it can be started.
$ python3 pizero_bikecomputer.py
With the --demo option, the numbers may or may not appear as appropriate.
The necessary directories and setting files (setting.conf) will be created at the first startup, so close them once.
How to use
The buttons at the bottom of the screen are as you can see, but the following functions are assigned in order from the left. (Actually, both short press and long press can be changed)
--Left (←) button: Move between screens --Wrap button: Wrap. When stopped, press and hold to reset and output the fit file (changeable) under the log folder. --Menu button: See below --Start / Stop button: Transition between start and stop states. Press and hold to end the program. --Right (→) button: Move between screens
Next is the menu screen. As of December 2019, I haven't made it yet, so don't expect it (laughs)
As you can imagine,
- ANT+ Sensors --If the ANT + library is installed and the beginning of the [ANT] block in setting.conf is `` `status = True```, pairing with various sensors is possible. --Since the information required for pairing is output to setting.conf when the program ends, it will automatically connect at the next startup.
- Wifi BT -Press the button to switch ON / OFF. ――I haven't seen how much battery life will be improved with OFF. .. ..
- Update --I'm going to update the program. Actually, I'm just doing `` `git pull origin master``` in update.sh.
- Strava Upload --Upload button to Strava. The setting is complicated, so I will describe it later.
- Wheel Size --When using the ANT + speed sensor, enter the wheel circumference in mm. Used to calculate the distance. The default is 2,105mm, which is the tire circumference of 700x25c. Record the entered value in setting.conf.
- Adjust Altitude --If you have a barometer connected to your Raspberry Pi (hereinafter referred to as the actual machine), you can improve the accuracy by entering the altitude of your current location.
- Power Off --Used to turn off the power on the actual machine.
- Debug log --You can see the debug log. However, because it is a defeated job, scrolling can only be done with the scroll bar, which is very inconvenient.
One of the major features of this program is that you can develop a program that draws the screen directly on the actual machine on a PC without writing it. The barometric pressure sensor and GPS values can only be confirmed on the actual machine, but it is much more efficient to write the screen and main logic on a PC.
Now that you've reached this point, let's display it on the actual desktop!
Raspberry Pi Zero + Pi TFT version
It's easy to get a total of around 10,000 yen, which was introduced in "A story that I made a cycle computer with a sledgehammer and it was relatively successful". Let's actually make a cycle computer with various configurations.
- Pioneer SGX-CA600 is placed on the left for comparison of size.
Things necessary
hardware
There are quite a lot, so please do your best to IYH or buy them in Akihabara!
--Raspberry Pi Zero (W, WH) (around 1,000 yen) --Please refer to my article "Raspberry Pi Zero (W, WH) Setup" etc. --TFT LCD module with touch screen --PiTFT 2.4 inch recommended (less than 5,000 yen) --Also, please use "Use PiTFT with Raspberry Pi Zero (W, WH)" for setup. --Assuming that the X Window can be displayed --GPS module (2,000 yen ~, option) -Akizuki Denshi Module is probably the best introduction --Assuming that it is available on GPSd. Setup will be described later. --ANT + USB dongle (around 1,000 yen, optional) --Please procure as a set with micro USB conversion connector --I2C sensor (optional) -Enviro pHAT (around 2,000 yen) is appropriate, but production will be stopped. --It is widely supported for I2C sensors etc. via CircuitPython which is a library provided by adafruit, but it can be used even if it is not a module made by adafruit if the chip and address are the same. --The barometric pressure sensor is compatible with BMP280 / BMP38X / LPS33HW / LPS35HW, the acceleration / gyro / geomagnetic sensor is compatible with LSM303 / LSM6DS / LSM9DS1 / LIS3MDL / BMX160, and the illuminance sensor is compatible with TCS3472 / VCNL4040. The button is button_shim, the power supply is PiJuice, PiJuice Zero is supported. --Setup will be described later. --Exterior related --Topeak's SmartPhone Dry Bag. Recommended per 5 inches. --Slim USB micro cable. The L-shaped type is even better.
- mobile battery. If you have 3000mAh, you can use the PiTFT version for 8 hours. --Screws and nuts ――It is used for fixing between boards, but it is very important in operation. --Reuse the excess from the kit, or buy M2.5 or M2.6 screws and nuts. ――If you have a length of about 6mm and a length of about 15 to 20mm, it is probably rock solid. ――Since they are not sold separately, it will be surprisingly expensive to arrange them ... --SD card ――For the time being, you can use what you have (8GB or more). If you use it every week, you will die in about a year. I'm currently using the highly durable 32GB version of SanDisk, and it's been going well after a year. --Tools required for work --Soldering iron, solder --Jumper wires and lead wires --Insulation tape (cellotape, etc.) --Nippers, etc. (Is there any maintenance for the bicycle?) --A space where you won't get angry even if the solder smells (same as above)
skill
--Skills to handle soldering irons ――Speaking of bicycles, it's probably okay if you have the dexterity to change the wires. --Skills that allow you to check the operation of individual parts by referring to the seller's HP (skip appropriately in this text)
Other
--Unbreakable heart --Financial power to buy several sets in case parts are damaged ――Since it is about 1 or 2 of GP5000 (a high-class road bike tire) that everyone loves the above set ...
assembly
The main material is like this.
--Upper left: PiTFT 2.4 inch --Middle left: Raspberry Pi Zero WH --Lower left: Enviro pHAT --Middle right: GPS module (not introduced above, just in case) --Lower right: ANT + USB dongle and micro USB conversion connector
I will assemble these.
If you find it difficult, we recommend that you first check that the PiTFT works, then check the GPS module, Enviro pHAT, and ANT + USB dongle one by one, and then step by step.
Also, at first, it's better to connect the GPS module to the Enviro pHAT using a jumper wire that is easy to remove from the GPIO pin inside the PiTFT. If you want to make it as compact as possible like the author, remove the extra pins as much as possible and perform complicated and strange aerial wiring, but please note that this kind of magic modification takes time and effort.
Install the Enviro pHAT and ANT + USB dongle. The Enviro pHAT has a sensor on the printed side, so I think it's better to point it outwards. (If it is inside, it will pick up more heat from the CPU.) Also, insert the ANT + USB dongle into the inside micro USB terminal.
The Enviro pHAT is directly wired where it is needed.
The famous pHAT on the market can tell you which pin you are using on the Raspberry Pi Pinout site.
Connect a PiTFT 2.4 inch.
The PiTFT 2.4 inch has GPIO pins coming out from the side, so you can connect with jumper wires.
It will look like this when it is completely made.
Each part is fixed with screws. Since the PiTFT button is a type that is pushed from above, if it is not fixed, it will sometimes be pushed too much and the connection with the main body will be cut off, which makes me feel very sad.
In addition, the ANT + USB dongle and power cable are fixed with tape to prevent vibration. I haven't had any problems since I arrived at this method. If there is a gap between the connector and the board, insert a suitable cushioning material and fix it with tape.
I want to make my prototype as thin as possible, so I've removed all the outwardly exposed GPIO pins in the PiTFT. (There are two vertical columns between the ANT + dongle and GPS in the lower right of the center of the above photo)
Moreover, it is soldered directly to Raspberry Pi Zero WH without using a pin socket on the PiTFT side.
Until the first startup
It is assumed that the following is done.
--Raspbian Buster is installed (not Lite) --User is pi --Somehow accessible from PC (via USB or Wifi) --Wifi is even better if you can connect your workplace to the tethering of your smartphone. The latter is insurance when you want to check on the go. --PiTFT is connected and X Window can be displayed.
If you can do it so far, the goal is close.
First, log in with SSH and change some settings with raspi-config.
$ sudo raspi-config
- 「1 Change User Password」 --Change your password.
- 「2 Network Options」 --Change the host name as needed in "N1 Hostname". If you want to operate multiple units, you should change them. However, note that the login host name will also change. --You can set the Wifi connection with "N2 Wi-fi".
- 「4 Localisation Options」 --Select the time zone of your country (Asia-> Tokyo in Japan) in "I2 Change Timezone" so that the time zone is reflected in the time. Check with the `` `date``` command.
- 「5 Interfacing Options」 --"P4 SPI" and "P5 I2C" should be ON if PiTFT is available, but it is a prerequisite for ON. If you use an I2C connection sensor, "P5 I2C" is ON. --"P6 Serial" is required when using the GPS module, "Would you like a login shell to be accessible over serial?" Is No, and "Would you like the serial port hardware to be enabled" is Yes.
When you reach this point, reboot (`` `sudo reboot```) once.
Next is the update festival.
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade
$ sudo rpi-update
$ sudo apt-get remove piwiz
$ sudo reboot
At this point, there should be no apps that fill the screen on their own at startup. (Because of changing password, initial setting wizard piwiz)
The installation festival starts here. Again, perform the installation procedure performed in "Confirm startup on PC" and the procedure specific to Raspberry Pi.
Bring it from the repository with the git command.
$ cd $HOME
$ git clone https://github.com/hishizuka/pizero_bikecomputer.git
$ cd pizero_bikecomputer
$ cp layouts/layout-cycling.yaml layout.yaml
Install the required packages. Raspbian Buster seems to be included from the beginning except for cython. PyQtGraph has been partially modified, so please install the one in my repository.
$ sudo apt-get install python3-pip cython3 cmake gawk python3-numpy python3-pyqt5
$ sudo apt-get install wiringpi python3-smbus python3-rpi.gpio python3-psutil python3-pil
$ sudo pip3 install oyaml
$ sudo pip3 install git+https://github.com/hishizuka/pyqtgraph.git
(Added on April 30, 2020) Please also install the following to stabilize the sqlite3 connection.
sudo pip3 install git+https://github.com/dashawn888/sqlite3worker#egg=sqlite3worker
Install the backlight control program for PiTFT 2.4 and the shutdown program.
(PiTFT 2.Backlight control program for 4)
$ sudo cp install/usr/local/bin/disable-pitft /usr/local/bin/
$ sudo chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/disable-pitft
$ sudo cp install/usr/local/bin/enable-pitft /usr/local/bin/
$ sudo chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/enable-pitft
$ sudo cp install/etc/systemd/system/disable-pitft.service /etc/systemd/system/
(Program for shutdown)
$ sudo cp install/usr/local/bin/pizero_bikecomputer_shutdown /usr/local/bin/
$ sudo chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/pizero_bikecomputer_shutdown
$ sudo cp install/etc/systemd/system/pizero_bikecomputer_shutdown.service /etc/systemd/system/
(Reflection in service)
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl enable disable-pitft.service
Check if it can be started at this point. The first command is a spell that starts on PiTFT.
$ export DISPLAY=:0.0
$ python3 pizero_bikecomputer.py -f
An example of the execution log is shown below. Since Enviro pHAT is connected, the message "True (existence)" is displayed around I2C at the beginning. The first startup will take some time as some compilation for cython will run.
Loading original modules...
config : 2.125001 sec
GPS : False
ANT : False
RPi GPIO : True
I2C( ENVIRO ) : True
I2C( LSM303D ) : True
I2C( BMP280 ) : True
SPI : True
/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/Cython/Compiler/Main.py:367: FutureWarning: Cython directive 'language_level' not set, using 2 for now (Py2). This will change in a later release! File: /home/pi/pizero_bikecomputer/modules/logger/cython/crc16_c.pyx
tree = Parsing.p_module(s, pxd, full_module_name)
logger_core : 26.252219 sec
gui_pyqt : 3.164116 sec
Loading modules... done : 31.548674 sec
/proc/device-tree/hat/product : Adafruit PiTFT HAT - 2.4 inch Resistive Touch
/proc/device-tree/hat/vendor : Adafruit Industries
logger_core : init...
PiTFT 2.8(r) : True
GPS/ANT+/I2C/GPIO/integrate/start: ['0.000380', '0.001742', '0.239424', '0.000563', '0.000490', '0.493737']
logger_core : setup ambient...: done 9.1e-05 sec
logger_core : loading course...
logger_core : loading course...: done 0.011168 sec
config/logger: ['0.073537', '0.870578']
running in PyQt...
libEGL warning: DRI2: failed to authenticate
calibrated position
Qt version: 5.11.3
['rfkill', '--json']
pyqt_graph : get_track(init) : 0.005978 sec
gui_pyqt:
base : 1.5448
widget : 2.8341
button : 0.0854
Thank you very much.
It's very difficult to use if you start it from the terminal every time, so I will make it easy to start from the screen later. Exit with ctrl -c from the terminal.
Additional installation
If you come this far, it's time to take a break!
When using GPS
Install the GPSd service and the package used by python.
$ sudo apt-get install python3-tz gpsd gpsd-clients python3-pyproj
$ sudo pip3 install gps3 timezonefinder
$ sudo cp install/etc/default/gpsd /etc/default/gpsd
$ sudo systemctl restart gpsd
To check if GPSd is running correctly, use the `cgps``` or `gpsmon``` command to check if the value is obtained. If you leave it outdoors for a few minutes, GPS can be supplemented and information such as latitude and longitude will flow.
When using ANT +
As with PyQtGraph, openant has been partially modified, so please install the one from my repository.
$ sudo apt-get install libusb-1.0-0 python3-usb
$ sudo pip3 install git+https://github.com/hishizuka/openant.git
If you can install both GPS and ANT +, the beginning of the execution log will change to True.
Loading original modules...
config : 2.952061 sec
GPS : True
ANT : True
Edit the beginning of the [ANT] block in setting.conf without the program (pizero_bikecomputer.py) running.
[ANT]
status = True
Settings around startup
If you come this far, it's time to take a break! (Second time with a smoky smell)
To use it as a small device rather than a desktop computer, either auto-start it or add a boot button that's easy to press.
For the time being, only perform the former automatic startup, and add buttons as needed. If there is no button, the problem is when it freezes in the middle, in which case you have to SSH in from your smartphone and manually type the restart command or restart.
Automatic startup (X Window)
It ends with the following three lines. Buster as of 2020/1 is a prerequisite. It may not be possible if the version etc. changes.
$ mkdir -p ~/.config/lxsession/LXDE-pi
$ cp /etc/xdg/lxsession/LXDE-pi/autostart ~/.config/lxsession/LXDE-pi/
$ echo "@/home/pi/pizero_bikecomputer/exec.sh" >> ~/.config/lxsession/LXDE-pi/autostart
Reference: Raspberry Pi Official Forum https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=249620
It is smarter to go directly without going through X, but if you start it directly without going through X with PyQt5 installed by the apt command, the touch panel does not seem to work, so build Qt5 and PyQt5 with tslib enabled. is needed. If you really want to use the touch screen, raise 4GB of Rasberry Pi 4 for compilation. This area will be described in the sequel.
Button added
(Since it is quite long, please skip it if you do not need it)
Since it is impossible to change the settings on the small desktop screen of PiTFT, change the screen settings via VNC.
$ sudo apt install tightvncserver
$ tightvncserver :1
(When quitting tightvncserver)
$ $ tightvncserver -kill :1
After setting the login password, log in with VNC. For Windows, install the VNC viewer (RealVNC etc.). The server name is the same as the one connected by SSH etc., and the port is 5901 version.
macOS is included by default, so press "Connect to Server" (command + k) at the bottom of the Finder's Go menu and log in at vnc: //raspberrypi.local: 5901.
There is no harm in using it at normal resolution, but if you use it at 320x240, everything is superfluous, so I will erase it.
The 2nd to 4th application launchers from the left are unnecessary, so right-click to remove (3rd from the top).
Right-click on the top bar to enter Panel Settings.
Pannel Applets erases unnecessary tray icons on the far right as well as unnecessary ones.
Next, there are too many menus, so delete them as well. Launch the Main Menu Editor in Preferences.
With Applications selected in the upper left, uncheck the check boxes of each menu in the center except Preferences.
Next, create an item with the second button New Item from the top right.
Type in the name of the program and press the Browse button next to the Command field.
Select exec.sh in the folder where you placed the program (/ home / pi / pizero_bikecomputer /).
This completes the input. Press OK to return.
The new item will be placed under Preferences, so with the added item selected, press the Move Up button on the far right of the screen to place it at least above Preferences.
With this, the number of menus has decreased, and this program comes out first.
Reboot and check from the screen of the actual machine.
How to use
The hardware buttons are designed to roughly match the software screen. It is as follows in order from the left. (Short press / long press can be changed. Also, only the GPIO number of PiTFT 2.4 is supported. For other models, it needs to be changed in modules / config.py)
--Screen brightness On / Off button. --Wrap button. When stopped, press and hold to reset and output the fit file (changeable) under the log folder. --Screenshot button. Output under screenshot folder. --Start / Stop button. Transition between start and stop states. Press and hold to end the program. --Move between screens with the right button. Press and hold the menu screen
Also, the assignment is changed on the menu screen. The following assignments are made in order from the left.
- Return --No allocation --Enter button --Move between items (forward) --Move between items (reverse direction)
Thank you very much. Now you can run outside.
Until you start running
** Course file **
If you want to use it, place the TCX format course.tcx file under the course folder. The file name is fixed now. If there is a file at startup, it will be read.
** Mounting on a road bike **
Attach the case to the handlebar and connect it to the battery in the top tube bag. There is no particular switch, so it will start the moment you connect it. Just in case.
After starting It takes a few minutes to supplement GPS, so wait in a place where the sky is open as much as possible. In the meantime, ANT + pairing and altitude correction if necessary.
Press the start button to start recording, press the lap button to measure the section, press the start button again to end recording, and then press and hold the lap button to reset and write the recording. Please retrieve the recorded file via SFTP. I will add the method of uploading to STRAVA in the near future.
in conclusion
What did you think?
We would appreciate it if you could let us know your impressions in the comments section or on Twitter. Especially for those who have tried it, I would like to use it as a reference.
This hobby project is suspicious if it is still at the starting point because we have not implemented many high-impact functions that are not available on the market, but we plan to continue working on it on a daily basis, so if you are interested, please join us.
The documentation hasn't caught up at all, and I'd like to explain how to start it directly without going through X, the MIP color reflective LCD version, and the program, but I'll take this opportunity again.