⌘ +; and specify "Python3.xx" as the interprinter■ Generate Django project files
django-admin startproject ‘project name'
Create a project directory in your current directory
■ Initial setting of setting.py in the project (general frame)
LANGUAGE_CODE = ‘ja/'
TIMEZONE = ‘Asia/Tokyo’
■ Build as many Django applications as you need In the directory where manage.py is located (note that the same file name as the project name exists)
python3 manage.py startapp ‘App name'
The db file (sqlite3) and the application file specified above are generated
■ Register the application created by settings.py on the project side
INSTALLED_APPS = [ …
In the inside, write app name + .apps. + App name (starting with capital letters) + Config (Example: App name → myapp)
‘myapp.apps.MyappConfig’
■ Import the include function in urls.py on the project side
from django urls import path, include
Also added that it follows the routing of urls.py in the application generated by urlpatterns of urls.py
urlpatterns = [
…
path(‘myapp/‘, include(‘myapp.urls’))
]
path関数の最初の引数は、ルートディレクトリの次のURL(~.com/xxxx/のxxxx) It can be written by specifying the url in the url in the app specified by the following argument
■ Create a urls.py file in your application
from django.urls import path
from . import views
app_name = 'myapp'
urlpatterns = [
path('', views.index, name='index')
]
From. import views is basically OK to write the second line of the django app like this Going to see the views file in the application directory
urlpatterns is routing
■ The contents described in views.py are displayed (sample code below)
from django.http import HttpResponse
def index(request):
return HttpResponse('Hello World')
■ Actually create a directory called templates and edit in it -Create a templates directory within the django app -Create a directory with the same name as the application name in the templates directory ・ Furthermore, create index.html in it
■ views.py is set to read in templates
from django.shortcuts import render
def index(request):
context = {
’name’ = ‘xxxx'
}
return render(request, ‘myapp/index.html’, context)
The first argument of the render function always returns a request
Variables can be passed in curly braces like {{}} in index.html (template method) For variables, prepare a "dictionary" in the context and display the associated value by calling the key as a variable.
■ Editing models.py
from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
class Day(models.Model):
title = models.CharField('title', max_length=200)
text = models.TextField('Text')
date = models.DateTimeField('date', default=timezone.now)
To make a model (models.Model) creates a unique class that inherits models.Model
timezone.now
There are many other fields
■ make migrations (notify changes and creations) Register the created class to db when you touch the model
python3 manage.py makemigrations
■ migrate (reflect)
python3 manage.py migrate
■ Use the administrator screen
Create superuser
python3 manage.py createsuperuser
/ admin will be available.
■ Test memo posts/tests.py
Make the test look like if the logged-in user can create a blog post by entering the title and body.
from django.test import TestCase
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from .models import Post
class BlogTests(TestCase):
@classmethod
def setUpTestData(cls):
# Create a User
testuser1 = User.objects.create_user(
username='testuser1',
password='abc123!'
)
testuser1.save()
# Create a blog post
test_post = Post.objects.create(
author=testuser1,
title='Blog title',
body='Body content...'
)
test_post.save()
def test_blog_content(self):
post = Post.objects.get(id=1)
expected_author = f'{post.author}'
expected_title = f'{post.title}'
expected_body = f'{post.body}'
self.assertEquals(expected_author, 'testuser1')
self.assertEquals(expected_title, 'Blog title')
self.assertEquals(expected_body, 'Body content...')
If the local server is running, stop it with Ctrl + c and press the following command from the terminal to test.
(blogapi-H-RPCYMU) $ python manage.py test
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.125s
OK
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
Django's test code seems to be written like this.
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