[PYTHON] [Memo] Django development environment

Put pyenv

$ git clone https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv.git ~/.pyenv

$ export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv"
$ export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"
$ eval "$(pyenv init -)"

Put the latest python

Check out the latest python

$ pyenv install --list

Install the latest python

$ pyenv install 3.8.1

$ pyenv local 3.8.1
$ python -V
Python 3.8.1

Insert pipenv

$ pip install pipenv

When installing with pipenv, it usually goes to ~ / .local / share / virtualenvs /, but it should go to .venv directly under the project. .venv is created automatically when you enter the virtual environment.

$ echo 'export PIPENV_VENV_IN_PROJECT=1' >> ~/.bash_profile

Specifies the python version to use within the pipenv virtual environment

$ pipenv --python 3.8

Enter the virtual environment.

$ pipenv shell

django
│── Pipfile
│── Pipfile.lock
└── .venv

Package management

$ pipenv install django django-bootstrap4
$ pipenv install --dev django-debug-toolbar django-webpack-loader #Development environment only

By default, pipenv cannot install pre-release packages. You need to add the settings to your Pipfile as follows:

Pipfile

[pipenv]
allow_prereleases = true

Django project

Create a project in the virtual environment of pipenv

$ django-admin startproject config .

django
│── config
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── settings.py
│   ├── urls.py
│   └── wsgi.py
│── Pipfile
│── Pipfile.lock
├── .venv
└── manage.py

Split settings file

django
├── config
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── settings
│   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   ├── base.py #Common settings
│   │   ├── production.py #Settings that you want to apply only to the production environment
│   │   ├── development.py #Settings that you want to apply only to the development environment
│   │   └── test.py #Settings that you want to apply only to the test
│   ├── urls.py
│   └── wsgi.py
│── Pipfile
│── Pipfile.lock
├── .venv
└── manage.py

Fixed BASE_DIR in base.py because the directory has changed

base.py

- BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
+ BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))

production.py

#Settings that you want to apply only to the production environment
from .base import *

DEBUG = True

development.py

#Settings that you want to apply only to the development environment
from .base import *

DEBUG = False

Application creation

python manage.py startapp test_app 

django
├── config
│── Pipfile
│── Pipfile.lock
├── .venv
│── manage.py
└── test_app
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── admin.py
    ├── apps.py
    ├── migrations
    ├── models.py
    ├── tests.py
    └── views.py

Put together a template

base.py

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        + 'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "templates")],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

django
├── config
│── Pipfile
│── Pipfile.lock
├── .venv
│── manage.py
│── templates
│   └── test_app
└── test_app
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── admin.py
    ├── apps.py
    ├── migrations
    ├── models.py
    ├── tests.py
    └── views.py

Put together static

Put your application together

reference

https://fclef.jp/20191103/ https://studygyaan.com/django/best-practice-to-structure-django-project-directories-and-files