[Python] Tkinter template

Introduction

Here's a classic way to classify Tkinter, a Python GUI tool.

This is an introductory article on how to create an Image Viewer using this template. (Addition) Create Image Viewer with Tkinter

Classification template

1. Application class Widget settings & placement, define Callback function
2. main function

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk

class Application(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self,master):
        super().__init__(master)
        self.pack()

        self.master.geometry("300x300")
        self.master.title("Tkinter with Class Template")

        self.create_widgets()

    def create_widgets(self):
        pass

    def callBack(self):
        pass

def main():
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = Application(master=root)#Inherit
    app.mainloop()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Execution result

Tkinter procedural programming example

Create a GUI that performs the following operations when the button is pressed.

1. The message changes
2. Output the text entered in Entry This time, I will write in the procedure procedure program. It's intuitive and easy to understand, but it has the drawback of being difficult to maintain and repair as the project grows.

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk

#Generate root instance
root = tk.Tk()
root.geometry("300x300")
root.title("Tkinter without Class")

#Define Button Click Event Function

def say_Hello():
    print("Hello World") # on python console
    label_hello.configure(text="I Have benn Clicked!")
    print(name.get())
    label_name.configure(text = name.get())

#Define Button Widget

button_hello = ttk.Button(master=root)
button_hello.configure(text="Hello World")
button_hello.configure(command = say_Hello)
button_hello.pack()

#Define Label Widget
label_hello = ttk.Label(master=root)
label_hello.configure(text = 'A Label')
label_hello.pack()

#Define Enntry Widget
name= tk.StringVar()
entry_name = ttk.Entry(master=root)
entry_name.configure(textvariable = name)
entry_name.pack()

#Define Label Widget2
label_name = ttk.Label(master=root)
label_name.configure(text = 'Please input something in Entry')
label_name.pack()


# Start GUI
root.mainloop()

Tkinter object-oriented programming

Here, we will change the procedural programming code in the previous chapter to a template for classification. Be careful with self.

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk

class Application(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self,master):
        super().__init__(master)
        self.pack()

        self.master.geometry("300x300")
        self.master.title("Tkinter with Class")

        self.create_widgets()


    # Create Widgets function
    def create_widgets(self):
        #Button
        self.button_hello = ttk.Button(self)
        self.button_hello.configure(text="Hello World")
        self.button_hello.configure(command = self.say_Hello) #do not forget to add self!
        self.button_hello.pack()

        #Label
        self.label_hello = ttk.Label(self)
        self.label_hello.configure(text='A Label')
        self.label_hello.pack()

        #Entry
        self.name = tk.StringVar()
        self.entry_name = ttk.Entry(self)
        self.entry_name.configure(textvariable = self.name)
        self.entry_name.pack()

        #Label2
        self.label_name=ttk.Label(self)
        self.label_name.configure(text = 'Please input something in Entry')
        self.label_name.pack()

    # Event Callback Function
    def say_Hello(self):
        print("Hello, World")  # on python console
        self.label_hello.configure(text="I Have benn Clicked!")
        print(self.name.get())
        self.label_name.configure(text=self.name.get())



def main():
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = Application(master=root)#Inherit class inheritance!
    app.mainloop()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Execution result

Summary

I've found that using classes makes the Python code more structured and easier to read. With this, we will continue to expand. I felt like I was finally able to see the world of Python.

Reference material

1. [Python] Template using Tkinter (classification method)
2. A Simple Hello World Program
3. python tkinter documentation "A Simple Hello World Program" is too difficult
4. Python GUI with Tkinter - 8 - Using Classes (Youtube)
5. Create Image Viewer with Tkinter