[PYTHON] Examine the parameters of RandomForestClassifier in the Kaggle / Titanic tutorial

Introduction

In the Kaggle / Titanic tutorial, we are learning with RandomForestClassifier (). Adjust this parameter to see if the learning accuracy improves.

Data preparation

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import seaborn
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

train_data = pd.read_csv("../train.csv")

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split

train_data_orig = train_data
train_data, cv_data = train_test_split(train_data_orig, test_size=0.3, random_state=1)

We used train_test_split to split the data into train: cv = 7: 3 (cv; cross validation).

train_data.info()

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
Int64Index: 623 entries, 114 to 37
Data columns (total 12 columns):
 #   Column       Non-Null Count  Dtype  
---  ------       --------------  -----  
 0   PassengerId  623 non-null    int64  
 1   Survived     623 non-null    int64  
 2   Pclass       623 non-null    int64  
 3   Name         623 non-null    object 
 4   Sex          623 non-null    object 
 5   Age          496 non-null    float64
 6   SibSp        623 non-null    int64  
 7   Parch        623 non-null    int64  
 8   Ticket       623 non-null    object 
 9   Fare         623 non-null    float64
 10  Cabin        135 non-null    object 
 11  Embarked     622 non-null    object 
dtypes: float64(2), int64(5), object(5)
memory usage: 63.3+ KB

cv_data.info()

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
Int64Index: 268 entries, 862 to 92
Data columns (total 12 columns):
 #   Column       Non-Null Count  Dtype  
---  ------       --------------  -----  
 0   PassengerId  268 non-null    int64  
 1   Survived     268 non-null    int64  
 2   Pclass       268 non-null    int64  
 3   Name         268 non-null    object 
 4   Sex          268 non-null    object 
 5   Age          218 non-null    float64
 6   SibSp        268 non-null    int64  
 7   Parch        268 non-null    int64  
 8   Ticket       268 non-null    object 
 9   Fare         268 non-null    float64
 10  Cabin        69 non-null     object 
 11  Embarked     267 non-null    object 
dtypes: float64(2), int64(5), object(5)
memory usage: 27.2+ KB

There are 623 trains, 268 cvs, and a total of 891.

Learn according to the tutorial

from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier

features = ["Pclass", "Sex", "SibSp", "Parch"]

y = train_data["Survived"]
y_cv = cv_data["Survived"]
X = pd.get_dummies(train_data[features])
X_cv = pd.get_dummies(cv_data[features])

model = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=100, max_depth=5, random_state=1, max_features="auto")
model.fit(X, y)
predictions = model.predict(X_cv)

print('Train score: {}'.format(model.score(X, y)))
print('CV score: {}'.format(model.score(X_cv, y_cv)))

Train score: 0.8394863563402889
CV score: 0.753731343283582

The train is about 84% correct, but the CV is only 75% correct. Is it overfitting?

Manually change the parameters of RandomForestClassifier

n_estimator Try changing the value of n_estimator.

rfc_results = pd.DataFrame(columns=["train", "cv"])

for iter in [1, 10, 100]:
    model = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=iter, max_depth=5, random_state=1, max_features="auto")
    model.fit(X, y)
    predictions = model.predict(X_cv)
    rfc_results.loc[iter] = model.score(X, y), model.score(X_cv, y_cv)

As the number of decision trees increases, the train score increases slightly, but the cv score does not change.

max_depth

Try changing the value of max_depth.

max_depth = 2

for iter in [1, 10, 100]:
    model = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=iter, max_depth=2, random_state=1, max_features="auto")
    model.fit(X, y)
    predictions = model.predict(X_cv)
    rfc_results.loc[iter] = model.score(X, y), model.score(X_cv, y_cv)

I got a cv score of 76%.

max_depth = 3

for iter in [1, 10, 100]:
    model = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=iter, max_depth=3, random_state=1, max_features="auto")
    model.fit(X, y)
    predictions = model.predict(X_cv)
    rfc_results.loc[iter] = model.score(X, y), model.score(X_cv, y_cv)

I got a cv score of 77.6%.

max_depth = 4

for iter in [1, 10, 100]:
    model = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=iter, max_depth=4, random_state=1, max_features="auto")
    model.fit(X, y)
    predictions = model.predict(X_cv)
    rfc_results.loc[iter] = model.score(X, y), model.score(X_cv, y_cv)

The score of cv is about 76.5%.

From the above, with max_depth = 3, n_estimators = 10 had the highest score.

Automatically change the parameters of RandomForestClassifier

Find the best parameters with a method called GridSearch (GridSearchCV). This is a method of trying out the combinations of the listed parameters and finding the best one.

from sklearn.model_selection import GridSearchCV

param_grid = {"max_depth": [2, 3, 4, 5, None],
              "n_estimators":[1, 3, 10, 30, 100],
              "max_features":["auto", None]}

model_grid = GridSearchCV(estimator=RandomForestClassifier(random_state=1),
                 param_grid = param_grid,   
                 scoring="accuracy",  # metrics
                 cv = 3,              # cross-validation
                 n_jobs = 1)          # number of core

model_grid.fit(X, y) #fit

model_grid_best = model_grid.best_estimator_ # best estimator
print("Best Model Parameter: ", model_grid.best_params_)

Note the from line. When I searched on the net, there was a way to write from sklearn.grid_search import GridSearchCV, but in my case this was NG.

Best Model Parameter:  {'max_depth': 3, 'max_features': 'auto', 'n_estimators': 10}

As I tried manually, max_depth = 3 and n_estimators = 10 were the best. I also tried two types of max_features, but"auto"was good.

print('Train score: {}'.format(model.score(X, y)))
print('CV score: {}'.format(model.score(X_cv, y_cv)))

Train score: 0.826645264847512
CV score: 0.7649253731343284

Submit to Kaggle / Titanic

I predicted the result using this parameter and submitted it to Kaggle. However, the accuracy was 0.77751, which was the same as the parameter of the tutorial ***. Bien.

in conclusion

Before trying to improve with features, we were able to improve a little by adjusting the hyperparameters of learning. Next, we would like to consider features.

reference

-Scikit-learn splits data for training and testing train_test_split -Add columns and rows to pandas.DataFrame (assign, append, etc.) -Let's tune the model hyperparameters with scikit-learn! -Scikit-learn's GridSearchCV for hyperparameter search -What to do when sklearn grid search cannot be used in Python