[Einführung in Python] <numpy ndarray> [edit: 2020/02/22]

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1. [Eingabe der Eingabedaten](# Schritt 1 - Einstellung der Eingabedaten)
2. [Datenmanipulation / Algorithmus](# step2-Datenmanipulation - Algorithmus)
3. [Einstellungen für Ausgabedaten](# step3-Einstellungen für Ausgabedaten)

Schritt 1 Einstellung der Eingabedaten

1. Grundlegende Bedienung

1-1. Einfache Definitionsmethode

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_1d = np.array([1,2,3,4,5])
print("sample_ndarray_1d: ", sample_ndarray_1d)
sample_ndarray_1d:  [1 2 3 4 5]

Ein zweidimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_2d = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]])
print("sample_ndarray_2d: ", sample_ndarray_2d)
sample_ndarray_2d:  [[ 1  2  3  4  5]

1-2. Elementzugriff [Anzahl der Elemente: 1]

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_1d = np.array([1,2,3,4,5])
print("sample_ndarray_1d[0]: ", sample_ndarray_1d[0])
print("sample_ndarray_1d[1]: ", sample_ndarray_1d[1])
print("sample_ndarray_1d[2]: ", sample_ndarray_1d[2])
print("sample_ndarray_1d[3]: ", sample_ndarray_1d[3])
print("sample_ndarray_1d[4]: ", sample_ndarray_1d[4])
print("sample_ndarray_1d[-1]: ", sample_ndarray_1d[-1])
sample_ndarray_1d[0]:  1
sample_ndarray_1d[1]:  2
sample_ndarray_1d[2]:  3
sample_ndarray_1d[3]:  4
sample_ndarray_1d[4]:  5
sample_ndarray_1d[-1]:  5

Ein zweidimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_2d = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]])
print("sample_ndarray_2d[0,0]: ", sample_ndarray_2d[0,0])
print("sample_ndarray_2d[0,1]: ", sample_ndarray_2d[0,1])
print("sample_ndarray_2d[0,2]: ", sample_ndarray_2d[0,2])
print("sample_ndarray_2d[0,3]: ", sample_ndarray_2d[0,3])
print("sample_ndarray_2d[0,4]: ", sample_ndarray_2d[0,4])
print("sample_ndarray_2d[1,0]: ", sample_ndarray_2d[1,0])
print("sample_ndarray_2d[1,1]: ", sample_ndarray_2d[1,1])
print("sample_ndarray_2d[1,2]: ", sample_ndarray_2d[1,2])
print("sample_ndarray_2d[1,3]: ", sample_ndarray_2d[1,3])
print("sample_ndarray_2d[1,4]: ", sample_ndarray_2d[1,4])
sample_ndarray_2d[0,0]:  1
sample_ndarray_2d[0,1]:  2
sample_ndarray_2d[0,2]:  3
sample_ndarray_2d[0,3]:  4
sample_ndarray_2d[0,4]:  5
sample_ndarray_2d[1,0]:  6
sample_ndarray_2d[1,1]:  7
sample_ndarray_2d[1,2]:  8
sample_ndarray_2d[1,3]:  9
sample_ndarray_2d[1,4]:  10

1-3. Elementzugriff [Anzahl der Elemente: Mehrere]

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_1d = np.array([1,2,3,4,5])
print("sample_ndarray_1d: ", sample_ndarray_1d)
sample_ndarray_1d:  [1 2 3 4 5]

start_id = 1
end_id = 3
print("Artikelnummern "1" bis "3":",sample_ndarray_1d[start_id:end_id+1])
print("Artikelnummer "First" bis "3":",sample_ndarray_1d[:end_id+1])
print("Artikelnummer "1" bis "zuletzt":",sample_ndarray_1d[start_id:])
print("Alle Elemente:",sample_ndarray_1d[:])
Artikelnummern "1" bis "3":[2 3 4]
Artikelnummer "First" bis "3":[1 2 3 4]
Artikelnummer "1" bis "zuletzt":[2 3 4 5]
Alle Elemente:[1 2 3 4 5]

1-4. Array-Länge

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_1d = np.array([1,2,3,4,5])
print("Array-Länge:",len(sample_ndarray_1d))
Array-Länge: 5

Ein zweidimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_2d = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]])
print("Länge der übergeordneten Liste:",len(sample_ndarray_2d))         ###Übergeordnete Liste
print("Länge der ersten untergeordneten Liste:",len(sample_ndarray_2d[0]))  ###Erste Kinderliste
Länge der Elternliste: 2
Länge der ersten Kinderliste: 5

1-5. Array-Größe

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_1d = np.array([1,2,3,4,5])
print("Arraygröße:",sample_ndarray_1d.shape)
Arraygröße:(5,)

Ein zweidimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_2d = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]])
print("Arraygröße:",sample_ndarray_2d.shape)
Arraygröße:(2, 5)

1-6. Abmessungsnummer

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_1d = np.array([1,2,3,4,5])
print("Anzahl der Dimensionen:",sample_ndarray_1d.ndim)
Anzahl der Dimensionen: 1

Ein zweidimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_2d = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]])
print("Anzahl der Dimensionen:",sample_ndarray_2d.ndim)
Anzahl der Dimensionen: 2

1-7. Elementnummer

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_1d = np.array([1,2,3,4,5])
print("Elementanzahl:",sample_ndarray_1d.size)
Anzahl der Elemente: 5

Ein zweidimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_2d = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]])
print("Elementanzahl:",sample_ndarray_2d.size)
Anzahl der Elemente: 10

1-8. Speichertyp (Datentyp)

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray = np.array([1,2,3,4,5])
print("Speichertyp:",type(sample_ndarray))
Speichertyp:<class 'numpy.ndarray'>

1-9. Elementdatentyp

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray = np.array([1,2,3,4,5])
print("Elementdatentyp:",sample_ndarray.dtype)
Elementdatentyp: int32

1-10. Achse löschen [Achsenelementnummer, Achsenrichtung]

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_1d = np.array([1,2,3,4,5])
print("sample_ndarray_1d: ",sample_ndarray_1d)
sample_ndarray_1d:  [1 2 3 4 5]

deleted_ndarray_1d = np.delete(sample_ndarray_1d,2,0)
print("deleted_ndarray_1d: ",deleted_ndarray_1d)
deleted_ndarray_1d:  [1 2 4 5]

Ein zweidimensionales Array[Löschen: Zeile]

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_2d = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]])
print("sample_ndarray_2d: ", sample_ndarray_2d)
sample_ndarray_2d:  [[ 1  2  3  4  5]
 [ 6  7  8  9 10]]

deleted_ndarray_2d = np.delete(sample_ndarray_2d,0,0)
print("deleted_ndarray_2d: ",deleted_ndarray_2d)
deleted_ndarray_2d:  [[ 6  7  8  9 10]]

Ein zweidimensionales Array[Löschen: Spalte]

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_2d = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]])
print("sample_ndarray_2d: ", sample_ndarray_2d)
sample_ndarray_2d:  [[ 1  2  3  4  5]
 [ 6  7  8  9 10]]

deleted_ndarray_2d = np.delete(sample_ndarray_2d,2,1)
print("deleted_ndarray_2d: ",deleted_ndarray_2d)
deleted_ndarray_2d:  [[ 1  2  4  5]
 [ 6  7  9 10]]

1-11. Sequenzverkettung [Methode 1]

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
A = np.array([1,2,3])
B = np.array([4,5,6])

C = np.concatenate((A,B),axis=0)
print("joint ndarray (Horizontal): ", C)
joint ndarray (Horizontal):  [1 2 3 4 5 6]

Ein zweidimensionales Array

import numpy as np
A = np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]])
B = np.array([[7,8,9],[10,11,12]])

C = np.concatenate((A,B),axis=0)
print("joint ndarray (Vertical): ", C)
joint ndarray (Vertical):  [[ 1  2  3]
 [ 4  5  6]
 [ 7  8  9]
 [10 11 12]]

D = np.concatenate((A,B),axis=1)
print("joint ndarray (Horizontal): ", D)
joint ndarray (Horizontal):  [[ 1  2  3  7  8  9]
 [ 4  5  6 10 11 12]]

1-12. Sequenzverkettung [Methode 2]

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
A = np.array([1,2,3])
B = np.array([4,5,6])

C = np.block([[A,B]])
print("joint ndarray (Vertical): ", C)
joint ndarray (Vertical):  [[1 2 3]
 [4 5 6]]

D = np.block([[A],[B]])
print("joint ndarray (Horizontal): ", D)
joint ndarray (Horizontal):  [1 2 3 4 5 6]

Ein zweidimensionales Array

import numpy as np
A = np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]])
B = np.array([[7,8,9],[10,11,12]])

C = np.block([[A],[B]])
print("joint ndarray (Vertical): ", C)
joint ndarray (Vertical):  [[ 1  2  3]
 [ 4  5  6]
 [ 7  8  9]
 [10 11 12]]

D = np.block([[A,B]])
print("joint ndarray (Horizontal): ", D)
joint ndarray (Horizontal):  [[ 1  2  3  7  8  9]
 [ 4  5  6 10 11 12]]

1-13. Sequenzverkettung [Methode 3]

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
A = np.array([1,2,3])
B = np.array([4,5,6])

C = np.vstack((A,B))
print("joint ndarray (Vertical): ", C)
joint ndarray (Vertical):  [[1 2 3]
 [4 5 6]]

D = np.hstack((A,B))
print("joint ndarray (Horizontal): ", D)
joint ndarray (Horizontal):  [1 2 3 4 5 6]

Ein zweidimensionales Array

import numpy as np
A = np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]])
B = np.array([[7,8,9],[10,11,12]])

C = np.vstack((A,B))
print("joint ndarray (Vertical): ", C)
joint ndarray (Vertical):  [[ 1  2  3]
 [ 4  5  6]
 [ 7  8  9]
 [10 11 12]]

D = np.hstack((A,B))
print("joint ndarray (Horizontal): ", D)
joint ndarray (Horizontal):  [[ 1  2  3  7  8  9]
 [ 4  5  6 10 11 12]]

1-14. Sequenzverkettung [Array-Generierung durch Elementverkettung]

Ein zweidimensionales Array

import numpy as np
A = np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]])
B = np.array([[7,8,9],[10,11,12]])

C = np.dstack((A,B))
print("stack ndarray: ", C)
stack ndarray:  [[[ 1  7]
  [ 2  8]
  [ 3  9]]

 [[ 4 10]
  [ 5 11]
  [ 6 12]]]

print("Arraygröße:",C.shape)
print("Anzahl der Dimensionen:",C.ndim)
Arraygröße:(2, 3, 2)
Anzahl der Dimensionen: 3

1-15. Array-Stapel

Ein zweidimensionales Array

import numpy as np
A = np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]])
B = np.array([[7,8,9],[10,11,12]])

C = np.stack((A,B))
print("stack ndarray: ", C)
stack ndarray:  [[[ 1  2  3]
  [ 4  5  6]]

 [[ 7  8  9]
  [10 11 12]]]

print("Arraygröße:",C.shape)
print("Anzahl der Dimensionen:",C.ndim)
Arraygröße:(2, 2, 3)
Anzahl der Dimensionen: 3

1-16. Sequenzteilung [Methode 1]

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_1d = np.array([1,2,3,4,5,6])
print("sample_ndarray_1d: ",sample_ndarray_1d)
sample_ndarray_1d:  [1 2 3 4 5 6]

split_ndarray_1d = np.split(sample_ndarray_1d,2)
print("split_ndarray_1d[0]: ",split_ndarray_1d[0])
print("split_ndarray_1d[1]: ",split_ndarray_1d[1])
split_ndarray_1d[0]:  [1 2 3]
split_ndarray_1d[1]:  [4 5 6]

Ein zweidimensionales Array[Trennlinie]

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_2d = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5,6],[7,8,9,10,11,12]])
print("sample_ndarray_2d: ",sample_ndarray_2d)
sample_ndarray_2d:  [[ 1  2  3  4  5  6]
 [ 7  8  9 10 11 12]]

split_ndarray_2d = np.split(sample_ndarray_2d,2,axis=0)
print("split_ndarray_2d[0]: ",split_ndarray_2d[0])
print("split_ndarray_2d[1]: ",split_ndarray_2d[1])
split_ndarray_2d[0]:  [[1 2 3 4 5 6]]
split_ndarray_2d[1]:  [[ 7  8  9 10 11 12]]

Ein zweidimensionales Array[Teilen: Spalte]

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_2d = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5,6],[7,8,9,10,11,12]])
print("sample_ndarray_2d: ",sample_ndarray_2d)
sample_ndarray_2d:  [[ 1  2  3  4  5  6]
 [ 7  8  9 10 11 12]]

split_ndarray_2d = np.split(sample_ndarray_2d,2,axis=1)
print("split_ndarray_2d[0]: ",split_ndarray_2d[0])
print("split_ndarray_2d[1]: ",split_ndarray_2d[1])
split_ndarray_2d[0]:  [[1 2 3]
 [7 8 9]]
split_ndarray_2d[1]:  [[ 4  5  6]
 [10 11 12]]

1-16. Sequenzteilung [Methode 2]

Ein zweidimensionales Array[Trennlinie]

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_2d = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5,6],[7,8,9,10,11,12]])
print("sample_ndarray_2d: ",sample_ndarray_2d)
sample_ndarray_2d:  [[ 1  2  3  4  5  6]
 [ 7  8  9 10 11 12]]

split_ndarray_2d = np.vsplit(sample_ndarray_2d,2)
print("split_ndarray_2d[0]: ",split_ndarray_2d[0])
print("split_ndarray_2d[1]: ",split_ndarray_2d[1])
split_ndarray_2d[0]:  [[1 2 3 4 5 6]]
split_ndarray_2d[1]:  [[ 7  8  9 10 11 12]]

Ein zweidimensionales Array[Teilen: Spalte]

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_2d = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5,6],[7,8,9,10,11,12]])
print("sample_ndarray_2d: ",sample_ndarray_2d)
sample_ndarray_2d:  [[ 1  2  3  4  5  6]
 [ 7  8  9 10 11 12]]

split_ndarray_2d = np.hsplit(sample_ndarray_2d,2)
print("split_ndarray_2d[0]: ",split_ndarray_2d[0])
print("split_ndarray_2d[1]: ",split_ndarray_2d[1])
split_ndarray_2d[0]:  [[1 2 3]
 [7 8 9]]
split_ndarray_2d[1]:  [[ 4  5  6]
 [10 11 12]]

1-17. Array-Division [Array-Generierung durch Element-Division]

3D-Array

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray_3d = np.array([[[1,2],[3,4]],[[5,6],[7,8]]])
print("sample_ndarray_3d: ",sample_ndarray_3d)
sample_ndarray_3d:  [[[1 2]
  [3 4]]

 [[5 6]
  [7 8]]]

split_ndarray_3d = np.dsplit(sample_ndarray_3d,2)
print("split_ndarray_3d[0]: ",split_ndarray_3d[0])
print("split_ndarray_3d[1]: ",split_ndarray_3d[1])
split_ndarray_3d[0]:  [[[1]
  [3]]

 [[5]
  [7]]]
split_ndarray_3d[1]:  [[[2]
  [4]]

 [[6]
  [8]]]

2. Datendefinition

2-1. Null-Array

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
zero_ndarray_1d = np.zeros(5)
print("zero_ndarray_1d: ",zero_ndarray_1d)
zero_ndarray_1d:  [0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]

Ein zweidimensionales Array

import numpy as np
zero_ndarray_2d = np.zeros((2,3))
print("zero_ndarray_2d: ",zero_ndarray_2d)
zero_ndarray_2d:  [[0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0.]]

Kopie in Arraygröße

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]])
zero_ndarray = np.zeros_like(sample_ndarray)
print("zero ndarray: ",zero_ndarray)
zero ndarray:  [[0 0 0 0 0]
 [0 0 0 0 0]]

2-2. Unit Array [Methode 1](Identity Array)

Einheitenarray[Offset: Keine]

import numpy as np
identity_ndarray = np.eye(3)
print("identity ndarray: ",identity_ndarray)
identity ndarray:  [[1. 0. 0.]
 [0. 1. 0.]
 [0. 0. 1.]]

Einheitenarray[Offset: Ja]

import numpy as np
offset = 1
identity_ndarray = np.eye(3,k=offset)
print("identity ndarray: ",identity_ndarray)
identity ndarray:  [[0. 1. 0.]
 [0. 0. 1.]
 [0. 0. 0.]]

import numpy as np
offset = -1
identity_ndarray = np.eye(3,k=offset)
print("identity ndarray: ",identity_ndarray)
identity ndarray:  [[0. 0. 0.]
 [1. 0. 0.]
 [0. 1. 0.]]

2-3. Unit Array [Methode 2](Identity Array)

Einheitenarray[Offset: Keine]

import numpy as np
identity_ndarray = np.identity(3)
print("identity ndarray: ",identity_ndarray)

2-3. Leeres Array

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
empty_ndarray_1d = np.empty(5)
print("empty_ndarray_1d: ",empty_ndarray_1d)
empty_ndarray_1d:  [4.94065646e-324 4.94065646e-324 0.00000000e+000 0.00000000e+000
 1.32373351e+079]

Ein zweidimensionales Array

import numpy as np
empty_ndarray_2d = np.empty((2,3))
print("empty_ndarray_2d: ",empty_ndarray_2d)
empty_ndarray_2d:  [[0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0.]]

2-2. Angegebenes Wertearray

1-dimensionales Array

import numpy as np
specified_value = 10
array_size = 5
specified_value_ndarray = np.empty(array_size)
specified_value_ndarray.fill(specified_value)
print("specified_value_ndarray: ",specified_value_ndarray)
specified_value_ndarray:  [10. 10. 10. 10. 10.]

Ein zweidimensionales Array

import numpy as np
specified_value = 3
array_size = (2,3)
specified_value_ndarray = np.empty(array_size)
specified_value_ndarray.fill(specified_value)
print("specified_value_ndarray: ",specified_value_ndarray)
specified_value_ndarray:  [[3. 3. 3.]
 [3. 3. 3.]]

2-4. Liste der arithmetischen Sequenzen

1-dimensionales Array

start_num = 1
end_num = 10
difference = 1
arithmetic_sequence_ndarray = np.array(range(start_num, end_num + 1, difference))
print("arithmetic sequence ndarray: ",arithmetic_sequence_ndarray)