[Einführung in Python] <Liste> [Bearbeiten: 22.02.2020]

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1. [Eingabe der Eingabedaten](# Schritt 1 - Einstellung der Eingabedaten)
2. [Datenmanipulation / Algorithmus](# step2-Datenmanipulation - Algorithmus)
3. [Einstellungen für Ausgabedaten](# step3-Einstellungen für Ausgabedaten)

Schritt 1 Einstellung der Eingabedaten

1. Grundlegende Bedienung

1-1. Einfache Definitionsmethode

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list_1d = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> IN: print("sample_list_1d: ", sample_list_1d)
>>> OUT: sample_list_1d:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

2D-Liste

sample_list_2d = [[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]]
>>> IN: print("sample_list_2d: ", sample_list_2d)
>>> OUT: sample_list_2d:  [[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]]

1-2. Elementzugriff [Anzahl der Elemente: 1]

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list_1d = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> IN[0]: print("sample_list_1d[0] = ",sample_list_1d[0])
>>> IN[1]: print("sample_list_1d[1] = ",sample_list_1d[1])
>>> IN[2]: print("sample_list_1d[2] = ",sample_list_1d[2])
>>> IN[3]: print("sample_list_1d[3] = ",sample_list_1d[3])
>>> IN[4]: print("sample_list_1d[4] = ",sample_list_1d[4])
>>> IN[5]: print("sample_list_1d[-1] = ",sample_list_1d[-1])
>>> OUT[0]: sample_list_1d[0] =  1
>>> OUT[1]: sample_list_1d[1] =  2
>>> OUT[2]: sample_list_1d[2] =  3
>>> OUT[3]: sample_list_1d[3] =  4
>>> OUT[4]: sample_list_1d[4] =  5
>>> OUT[5]: sample_list_1d[-1] =  5

2D-Liste

sample_list_2d = [[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]]
>>> IN[0]: print("sample_list_2d[0][0] = ",sample_list_2d[0][0])
>>> IN[1]: print("sample_list_2d[0][1] = ",sample_list_2d[0][1])
>>> IN[2]: print("sample_list_2d[0][2] = ",sample_list_2d[0][2])
>>> IN[3]: print("sample_list_2d[0][3] = ",sample_list_2d[0][3])
>>> IN[4]: print("sample_list_2d[0][4] = ",sample_list_2d[0][4])
>>> IN[5]: print("sample_list_2d[1][0] = ",sample_list_2d[1][0])
>>> IN[6]: print("sample_list_2d[1][1] = ",sample_list_2d[1][1])
>>> IN[7]: print("sample_list_2d[1][2] = ",sample_list_2d[1][2])
>>> IN[8]: print("sample_list_2d[1][3] = ",sample_list_2d[1][3])
>>> IN[9]: print("sample_list_2d[1][4] = ",sample_list_2d[1][4])
>>> OUT[0]: sample_list_1d[0] =  1
>>> OUT[1]: sample_list_1d[1] =  2
>>> OUT[2]: sample_list_1d[2] =  3
>>> OUT[3]: sample_list_1d[3] =  4
>>> OUT[4]: sample_list_1d[4] =  5
>>> OUT[5]: sample_list_1d[4] =  6
>>> OUT[6]: sample_list_1d[4] =  7
>>> OUT[7]: sample_list_1d[4] =  8
>>> OUT[8]: sample_list_1d[4] =  9
>>> OUT[9]: sample_list_1d[4] =  10

1-3. Elementzugriff [Anzahl der Elemente: Mehrere]

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list_1d = [1,2,3,4,5]
start_id = 1
end_id = 3
>>> print("Artikelnummern "1" bis "3":",sample_list_1d[start_id:end_id+1])
>>> print("Artikelnummer "First" bis "3":",sample_list_1d[:end_id+1])
>>> print("Artikelnummer "1" bis "zuletzt":",sample_list_1d[start_id:])
>>> print("Alle Elemente:",sample_list_1d[:])
>>>Artikelnummern "1" bis "3":[2, 3, 4]
>>>Artikelnummer "First" bis "3":[1, 2, 3, 4]
>>>Artikelnummer "1" bis "zuletzt":[2, 3, 4, 5]
>>>Alle Elemente:[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

1-4. Listenlänge

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list_1d = [1,2,3,4,5]
print("Listenlänge:",len(sample_list_1d))
Listenlänge: 5

2D-Liste

sample_list_2d = [[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]]
print("Länge der übergeordneten Liste:",len(sample_list_2d))         ###Übergeordnete Liste
print("Länge der ersten untergeordneten Liste:",len(sample_list_2d[0]))  ###Erste Kinderliste
Länge der Elternliste: 2
Länge der ersten Kinderliste: 5
Listenlänge: 5

1-5. Speichertyp (Datentyp)

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print("Speichertyp:",type(sample_list))
Speichertyp:<class 'list'>

1-6 Elementdatentyp

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print("Elementdatentyp:",type(sample_list[0]))
Elementdatentyp:<class 'int'>

1-7. Element anhängen

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

sample_list.append(6)
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

1-8. Hinzufügen spezifizierter Positionselemente [Anzahl der Elemente: 1]

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

specified_id = 2
specified_value = 8
sample_list.insert(specified_id,specified_value)
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 8, 3, 4, 5]

1-9. Angegebenes Positionselement hinzufügen [Anzahl der Elemente: Mehrere]

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

specified_id = 2
specified_value_list = [8,8,8]
sample_list[specified_id:specified_id] = specified_value_list
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 8, 8, 8, 3, 4, 5]

1-10. Element löschen [Wert]

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

sample_list.remove(5)
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4]

1-dimensionale Liste[Wenn es mehrere gibt]

sample_list = [1,2,3,1,2,3]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]

sample_list.remove(1)
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [2, 3, 1, 2, 3]

1-11 Element löschen [Artikelnummer] [Methode 1]

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

del sample_list[2]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 4, 5]

1-dimensionale Liste[Mehrere]

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

del sample_list[1:4]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 5]

1-12 Element löschen [Artikelnummer] [Methode 2]

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

specified_id = 2
sample_list[specified_id:specified_id+1] = []
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 4, 5]

1-dimensionale Liste[Mehrere]

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

specified_start_id = 1
specified_end_id = 3
sample_list[specified_start_id:specified_end_id+1] = []
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 5]

1-13. Löschen Sie alle Elemente

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

sample_list.clear()
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  []

1-14. Listenverknüpfung (Methode 1)

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = ["H","e","l","l","o"]
extend_list = ["W","o","r","l","d"]
sample_list.extend(extend_list)
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  ['H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', 'W', 'o', 'r', 'l', 'd']

1-15. Listenverknüpfung (Methode 2)

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = ["H","e","l","l","o"]
extend_list = ["W","o","r","l","d"]
sample_list = sample_list + extend_list
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> OUT: sample list:  ['H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', 'W', 'o', 'r', 'l', 'd']

2. Datendefinition

2-1. Nullliste

1-dimensionale Liste

array_length = 10
zero_list = [0] * array_length
>>> IN: print("zero list: ",zero_list)
>>> OUT: zero list:  [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]

2-2 Spezifizierte Werteliste

1-dimensionale Liste

specified_value = 3
array_length = 10
specified_value_list = [specified_value] * array_length
>>> IN: print("specified value list: ",specified_value_list)
>>> OUT: specified value list:  [3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3]

2-3 Leere Liste

1-dimensionale Liste[Anzahl der Elemente: 1]

empty_list = []
print("empty list: ",empty_list)
empty list:  []

1-dimensionale Liste[Anzahl der Elemente: Mehrere]

array_length = 10
empty_list = [[]] * array_length
print("empty list: ",empty_list)
empty list:  [[], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []]

2-4. Liste der arithmetischen Sequenzen

1-dimensionale Liste

start_num = 1
end_num = 10
difference = 1
arithmetic_sequence_list = list(range(start_num, end_num + 1, difference))
>>> IN: print("arithmetic sequence list: ",arithmetic_sequence_list)
>>> OUT: arithmetic sequence list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

3. Grundkonvertierung

3-1. Elementdatentyp ändern

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
### sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

sample_list = list(map(str,sample_list))
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
### sample list:  ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5']

3-2. 「string list」to「string」

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list= ["H","e","l","l","o"]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
### OUT: sample list:  ['H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']

joint_value = ""
sample_string = joint_value.join(sample_list)
>>> IN: print("sample string: ",sample_string)
### OUT: sample string:  Hello

3-3. 「string」to「string list」

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_string = "HelloWorld"
>>> IN: print("sample string: ",sample_string)
### sample string:  HelloWorld

sample_list= list(sample_string)
>>> IN: print("sample string: ",sample_string)
### OUT: sample list:  ['H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', 'W', 'o', 'r', 'l', 'd']

3-4. 「sentence」to「word list」

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_sentence = "Hello World"
>>> IN: print("sample sentence: ",sample_sentence)
### OUT: sample sentence:  Hello World

split_value = " "
sample_list= sample_sentence.split(split_value)
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
### OUT: sample list:  ['Hello', 'World']

4. Konvertierung des Speicherformats

4-1. numpy ndarray

4-1-1. 「list」to「numpy ndarray」

1-dimensionale Liste

import numpy as np
sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> IN: print("type: ",type(sample_list))sample 
### OUT: list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
### OUT: type:  <class 'list'>

sample_ndarray = np.array(sample_list)
>>> IN: print("sample ndarray: ",sample_ndarray)
>>> IN: print("type: ",type(sample_ndarray))
### OUT: sample ndarray:  [1 2 3 4 5]
### OUT: type:  <class 'numpy.ndarray'>

4-1-2. 「numpy ndarray」to「list」

1-dimensionale Liste

import numpy as np
sample_ndarray = np.array([1,2,3,4,5])
>>> IN: print("sample ndarray: ",sample_ndarray)
>>> IN: print("type: ",type(sample_ndarray))
### OUT: sample ndarray:  [1 2 3 4 5]
### OUT: type:  <class 'numpy.ndarray'>

sample_list = sample_ndarray.tolist()
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> IN: print("type: ",type(sample_list))
### OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
### OUT: type:  <class 'list'>

4-2. numpy matrix

4-2-1. 「list」to「numpy matrix」

1-dimensionale Liste

import numpy as np
sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> IN: print("type: ",type(sample_list))
### OUT: sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
### OUT: type:  <class 'list'>

sample_matrix = np.matrix(sample_list)
>>> IN: print("sample matrix: ",sample_matrix)
>>> IN: print("type: ",type(sample_matrix))
### OUT: sample matrix:  [[1 2 3 4 5]]
### OUT: type:  <class 'numpy.matrix'>

4-2-2. 「numpy matrix」to「list」

1-dimensionale Liste

import numpy as np
sample_matrix = np.matrix([1,2,3,4,5])
>>> IN: print("sample matrix: ",sample_matrix)
>>> IN: print("type: ",type(sample_matrix))
### OUT: sample matrix:  [[1 2 3 4 5]]
### OUT: type:  <class 'numpy.matrix'>

sample_list = sample_matrix.tolist()
>>> IN: print("sample list: ",sample_list)
>>> IN: print("type: ",type(sample_list))
### OUT: sample list:  [[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]]
### OUT: type:  <class 'list'>

5. Dateieingabe

5-1. Textdatei (.txt)

5-2 Tabellarische Datei (.csv)

5-3. Bilddatei (.png)

5-4. Objektdatei (.obj)

Schritt 2 Datenmanipulation / Algorithmus

1. Suchen

1-1. Maximalwert

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
print("Maximum Value: ",max(sample_list))
sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Maximum Value:  5

1-2 Maximale Elementnummer

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

max_value_id = [i for i, v in enumerate(sample_list) if v == max(sample_list)]
print("Maximum Value ID: ",max_value_id)
Maximum Value ID:  [4]

1-dimensionale Liste[Wenn es mehrere gibt]

sample_list = [1,2,3,1,2,3]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]

max_value_id = [i for i, v in enumerate(sample_list) if v == max(sample_list)]
print("Maximum Value ID: ",max_value_id)
Maximum Value ID:  [2, 5]

1-3. Mindestwert

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
print("Minimum Value: ",min(sample_list))
sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Minimum Value:  1

1-4 Minimale Elementanzahl

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

min_value_id = [i for i, v in enumerate(sample_list) if v == min(sample_list)]
print("Minimum Value ID: ",min_value_id)
Minimum Value ID:  [0]

1-dimensionale Liste[Wenn es mehrere gibt]

sample_list = [1,2,3,1,2,3]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]

min_value_id = [i for i, v in enumerate(sample_list) if v == min(sample_list)]
print("Minimum Value ID: ",min_value_id)
Minimum Value ID:  [0, 3]

1-5. Spitzenwert [in absteigender Reihenfolge]

1-dimensionale Liste

import heapq

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

print("Top Large Value: ",heapq.nlargest(3, sample_list))
Top Large Value:  [5, 4, 3]

1-6. Spitzenwert [kleinster zuerst]

1-dimensionale Liste

import heapq

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

print("Top Small Value: ",heapq.nsmallest(3, sample_list))
Top Small Value:  [1, 2, 3]

1-7. Vorhandensein oder Fehlen eines bestimmten Wertes

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

print("Have value '1': ",1 in sample_list)
print("Have value '6': ",6 in sample_list)
Have value '1':  True
Have value '6':  False

1-8 Spezifische Wertelementnummer

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

print("Search ID for value '1': ",sample_list.index(1))
Search ID for value '1':  0

1-9. Spezifische Wertanzahl

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
sample list:  [1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5]

print("Count value '3': ",sample_list.count(3))
Count value '3':  5

2. Neu ordnen / sortieren

2-1. Reihenfolge umkehren

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
sample_list.reverse()
print("reversed list: ",sample_list)

2-2. Sortieren [Aufsteigend]

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [5,4,3,2,1]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
sorted_list = sorted(sample_list)
print("sorted list: ",sorted_list)

2-3. Sortieren [Absteigend]

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
sorted_list = sorted(sample_list,reverse=True)
print("sorted list: ",sorted_list)

2-4. Sortieren [Aufsteigend] [Absolut]

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [5,-4,3,-2,1]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
sorted_list = sorted(sample_list,key=abs)
print("sorted list [abs]: ",sorted_list)

2-5. Sortieren [Aufsteigend] [Stringlänge]

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = ["zero","one","two","three","four","five"]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
sorted_list = sorted(sample_list,key=len)
print("sorted list [string length]: ",sorted_list)

3. Listenberechnung

3-1. Ergänzung

1-dimensionale Liste

A = [4,5,6]
B = [1,2,3]
C = [x + y for (x, y) in zip(A, B)]   
print("A: ",A)
print("B: ",B) 
print("add operation: ",C)

3-2. Subtraktion

1-dimensionale Liste

A = [4,5,6]
B = [1,2,3]
C = [x - y for (x, y) in zip(A, B)]    
print("A: ",A)
print("B: ",B) 
print("substract operation: ",C)

3-3. Multiplikation

1-dimensionale Liste

A = [4,5,6]
B = [1,2,3]
C = [x - y for (x, y) in zip(A, B)]    
print("A: ",A)
print("B: ",B) 
print("multiply operation: ",C)

3-4. Division

1-dimensionale Liste

A = [4,5,6]
B = [1,2,3]
C = [x / y for (x, y) in zip(A, B)]    
print("A: ",A)
print("B: ",B) 
print("divide operation: ",C)

3-5. Verbleibende

1-dimensionale Liste

A = [10,10,10]
B = [1,2,3]
C = [x % y for (x, y) in zip(A, B)]    
print("A: ",A)
print("B: ",B) 
print("mod operation: ",C)

3-6. Insgesamt

1-dimensionale Liste

sample_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print("sample list: ",sample_list)
sum_value = sum(sample_list)
print("Sum Value: ",sum_value)

Schritt 3 Einstellung der Ausgabedaten

1. Dateiausgabe

1-1. Textdatei (.txt)

1-2. Tabellarische Datei (.csv)

1-3. Bilddatei (.png)

1-4. Objektdatei (.obj)