[PYTHON] How to learn structured SVM of ChainCRF with PyStruct

The documents and samples on the original web are unfriendly, so I tried using easy-to-understand data.

First preparation

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
%matplotlib inline

from pystruct.inference import inference_dispatch

The content is noise removal of time series data as in Implementing HMM with PyStruct. For learning, a time series with noise added to a fixed time series is used. (Aside from the fact that it's fixed so you don't have to infer)

Creation of training data

n_samples = 500

d = np.array([12, 12, 11, 11, 10,  9,  8,  8,  7,  6,  6,  6,  7,  8,  8,  8,  6,
        5,  4,  3,  3,  3,  2,  1,  0,  1,  3,  4,  5,  6,  8,  8,  9,  9,
       10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 14, 14, 15, 15, 15, 15])
n_nodes = d.shape[0]
n_states = np.unique(d).shape[0]
n_features = n_states + 1 # add bias

y = np.repeat(d[np.newaxis,:], n_samples, axis=0)

data = y + (np.random.rand(n_samples, n_nodes)-0.5)*5

# negative sign for maximization !
X = np.array( [ [ [ -abs(i-j)**0.1 for j in range(n_states)]  for i in dd ] for dd in data] )

# add constant features for bias
X = np.array( [np.hstack((X[i], 0.1*np.ones((X[i].shape[0],1)))) for i in range(X.shape[0])] )

Data X has 500 numbers, 45 time series lengths, 16 states / classes, and 17 features (SVM bias).

Check size

X.shape, y.shape
===
((500, 45, 17), (500, 45))

Divide learning and testing as usual

from sklearn.cross_validation import train_test_split
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.4, random_state=0)

Check training data

fig, axes = plt.subplots(3,3, figsize=(20,6))
c=0
for ax in axes.ravel():
    ax.plot(data[c], label='data')
    ax.plot(y_train[c], label='true')
    ax.set_xticks(())
    ax.set_yticks(())
    c += 1
plt.legend(bbox_to_anchor=(1.1, 1.0), loc=2, borderaxespad=0.)

Comparison of training data X (features at each time) and y (true fixed time series) for confirmation.

Verification

plt.matshow(np.flipud(X_train[0,:,:-1].T)) # remove bias
plt.colorbar()
plt.yticks(())
#plt.show()

plt.plot(15-y_train[0]) # flipud
plt.show()

Now, prepare the learning device. Learn with FrancWolfe SSVM according to the explanation of ChainCRF of PyStruct.

Preparation of learner

from pystruct.models import ChainCRF
from pystruct.learners import FrankWolfeSSVM
model = ChainCRF()
ssvm = FrankWolfeSSVM(model=model, C=.1, max_iter=10)

Learn!

%%time
ssvm.fit(X_train, y_train)
====
CPU times: user 1.25 s, sys: 17.4 ms, total: 1.27 s
Wall time: 1.3 s

FrankWolfeSSVM(C=0.1, batch_mode=False, check_dual_every=10,
        do_averaging=True, line_search=True, logger=None, max_iter=10,
        model=ChainCRF(n_states: 16, inference_method: max-product),
        n_jobs=1, random_state=None, sample_method='perm',
        show_loss_every=0, tol=0.001, verbose=0)

So what is the predicted score?

ssvm.score(X_test, y_test)
==========
0.56377777777777771

Check predictions for the test

X_test_predict = np.array(ssvm.predict(X_test))

fig, axes = plt.subplots(3,3, figsize=(20,6))
shf = np.arange(X_test.shape[0])
np.random.shuffle(shf)
c=0
for ax in axes.ravel():
    ax.plot(data[shf[c]], label='data')
    ax.plot(X_test_predict[shf[c]], label='predict')
    ax.plot(y_test[shf[c]], label='true')
    ax.set_xticks(())
    ax.set_yticks(())
    c += 1

plt.legend(bbox_to_anchor=(1.1, 1.0), loc=2, borderaxespad=0.)

Check the learned w

ssvm.w.shape # = n_features * n_states + n_states**2
========
(528,)

Pairwise weight w

plt.matshow(ssvm.w[n_features * n_states:].reshape(n_states, n_states))
plt.title("Transition parameters of the chain CRF.")
plt.xticks(np.arange(n_states))
plt.yticks(np.arange(n_states))
plt.colorbar()
plt.show()

unary weight w

plt.matshow(ssvm.w[:n_features * n_states].reshape(n_states,n_features))
plt.title("Unary parameters of the chain CRF.")
plt.yticks(np.arange(n_states))
plt.xticks(np.arange(n_features))
plt.ylabel('states') 
plt.xlabel('features')
plt.colorbar()
plt.show()