[LINUX] A rough summary of OS history

About this article

Unix, Linux, Windows, MacOS ... Roughly summarized to get an overall picture of the OS. This is a Linux favorite article.

OS concept

――In the current computer, the OS runs various applications as an interpreter. --Before the OS was developed, a computer was prepared for each application. ――For example, if it's for calculation, it's a computer for calculation, and if it's for writing, it's a computer for writing (word processor, etc.). ――This requires you to buy applications and computers for each purpose, which is inconvenient for both the seller and the buyer.

The OS (Operation System) was developed there.

1960s ~ Birth of OS and establishment of concept ~

Birth of OS

--System / 360 (IBM) and Multics (Bell Labs) ――It became too complicated and didn't work well with the hard specs of the computer at that time.

--Unics (Bell Labs) (later Unix) --Bell Labs was unable to sell Unix while developing it due to antitrust law. Therefore, it was distributed to universities and companies in a small amount that would not make a profit. --The source code is open to the public, and various derivative Unixes will be born. -** Realizing this business opportunity, AT & T has made it possible for only organizations that have a license agreement with AT & T to declare their operating system as Unix. ** **

1985-1995 ~ Victory of Windows ~

--The license agreement caused fierce conflict between companies. Each company was pulling each other's legs with all their might. ――In the meantime, Windows (Microsoft) got the position of standard OS.

1991 ~ The birth of a genius child ~

--Linas Torvalds (University of Helsinki, Finland) felt that the Unix (Minix) function given in the university class was insufficient, and remade the emulator part of the terminal. ――Because of all the trouble, I decided to rebuild the OS from scratch, and ** Linux ** was born. ――The source code was released with an open source license because "I want many people to see it" and "I want feedback". -** Linux is different from Unix because it has been rebuilt from scratch with reference to Unix. ** **

Unix It is bound by a license, and it is difficult to freely publish or improve it.

Linux It is open source and can be freely published, improved, and used for business.

** Due to the advantages of Linux as described above, Linux has gained support and spread. ** **

1995 ~ Participation of each company, acquisition of Linux citizenship ~

--Programmers from IBM, HP, Intel and others have begun to join, and Linux has gained citizenship.

In the figure ...

I think it looks like this. Red Hat and Debian are often heard as "Linux distributions".

reference

[Linux Academy] [For beginners] History of Linux! From OS birth to LINUX [[Wikipedia] History of Computer Hardware](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%A9%9F%E3%81%AE%E6%AD% B4% E5% 8F% B2)