Build an LNPP environment on Amazon Linux 2

It is a procedure to build an LNPP environment other than a LAMP environment on Amazon Linux2.

Comparison with LAMP

The following is a comparison of the LNPP environment constructed this time with the familiar LAMP environment.

	LNPP	LAMP
OS	Linux	Linux
WEB server	Nginx	Apache
DB	PostgreSQL	MySQL
Programming language	PHP	PHP

The WEB server is Nginx instead of Apache, and the DB is PostgreSQL instead of MySQL.

Please let me know if you call it wrong.

Environment, version information

OS: Amazon Linux2
WEB server: Nginx1.18.0
DB: PostgeSQL 11.5
Programming language: PHP 7.4.11
Client PC: Windows10 (Connect to Amazon Linux2 with PuTTY)

procedure

1. Software installation

First, connect to the Amazon Linux 2 environment by SSH and install various software required to build the environment. This time, I decided to use the extras library of Amazon Linux2.

(1) Execute the following command to check the list of topics available in the Extras Library.

amazon-linux-extras

In the initial state, it should be as follows.

・ ・ (Omitted above)
 35  kernel-ng                available    [ =stable ]
 36  BCC                      available    [ =0.x  =stable ]
 37  mono                     available    [ =5.x  =stable ]
 38  nginx1=latest            available      [ =stable ]
 39  ruby2.6                  available    [ =2.6  =stable ]
 40  mock                     available    [ =stable ]
 41  postgresql11=latest      available     [ =11  =stable ]
 42  php7.4=latest            available     [ =stable ]
 43  livepatch                available    [ =stable ]
 44  python3.8                available    [ =stable ]
 45  haproxy2                 available    [ =stable ]
(Omitted below) ...

(2) Install Nginx, PostgreSQL, PHP. Execute the following three commands in order.

sudo amazon-linux-extras install nginx1
sudo amazon-linux-extras install postgresql11
sudo amazon-linux-extras install php7.4

Of these, PostgreSQL seems to only install the psql command, so it can be installed normally (just execute the following command!)

sudo yum install postgresql-server postgresql-devel postgresql-contrib

(3) Execute the amazon-linux-extras command again and check that Nginx, PostgreSQL and PHP are enabled.

amazon-linux-extras

If it changes from available to enabled as shown below, it's OK!

・ ・ (Omitted above)
 35  kernel-ng                available    [ =stable ]
 36  BCC                      available    [ =0.x  =stable ]
 37  mono                     available    [ =5.x  =stable ]
 38  nginx1=latest            enabled      [ =stable ]
 39  ruby2.6                  available    [ =2.6  =stable ]
 40  mock                     available    [ =stable ]
 41  postgresql11=latest      enabled      [ =11  =stable ]
 42  php7.4=latest            enabled      [ =stable ]
 43  livepatch                available    [ =stable ]
 44  python3.8                available    [ =stable ]
 45  haproxy2                 available    [ =stable ]
(Omitted below) ...

Nginx (1) First, execute the following command to check the Nginx settings.

vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

The document root for HTTP connections is /usr/share/nginx/html Therefore, create the file you want to display on the WEB page under it (of course you can change the settings)

By the way, the relevant part is as follows (the part with root).

・ ・ (Omitted above)
    server {
        listen       80;
        listen       [::]:80;
        server_name  _;
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
(Omitted below) ...

(2) Execute as follows to create index.php that displays PHP settings.

sudo vi /usr/share/nginx/html/index.php

When the file opens, copy and paste the following contents in insert mode → save.

`python`


<?php 
phpinfo();

(3) Start Nginx.

sudo systemctl start nginx.service

(4) Hit the following URL in your browser and check that the PHP settings are displayed.

http://Public IPv4 DNS/index.php

Public IPv4 DNS can be confirmed from the AWS console (EC2).

PostgreSQL Next, set up PostgreSQL.

(1) First, execute the following command to initialize.

sudo postgresql-setup initdb

(2) Check the storage location of the setting file.

sudo find / -name pg_hba.conf

In my case, it was as follows.

/var/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf

(3) Open the setting file and change the contents as follows so that you can log in temporarily without a password (set in the following procedure).

sudo /var/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf

■ Before change

・ ・ (Omitted above)
# IPv4 local connections:
host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            ident
# IPv6 local connections:
host    all             all             ::1/128                 ident
(Omitted below) ...

↓ (Changed "ident" (2 places) to "trust")

■ After change

・ ・ (Omitted above)
# IPv4 local connections:
host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            trust
# IPv6 local connections:
host    all             all             ::1/128                 trust
(Omitted below) ...

(4) Start PostgreSQL, log in → set a password.

sudo systemctl start postgresql.service
psql -h localhost -p 5432 -U postgres

If "postgres = #" is displayed, you have logged in, so execute the following DDL to set a password.

`python`


alter role postgres with password 'postgres';

In the above, the password for user: postgres is set to postgres.

(5) Modify the configuration file as follows so that you cannot log in without a password.

・ ・ (Omitted above)
# IPv4 local connections:
host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            md5
# IPv6 local connections:
host    all             all             ::1/128                 md5
(Omitted below) ...

"Trust" (2 places) in "■ After change" in (3) has been changed to "md5".

(6) Check if pdo_pgsql exists (for PDO connection this time)

php -m | grep pdo

If pdo_pgsql is not displayed, execute the following command to install it.

sudo yum install --enablerepo=remi,remi-php74 php-pgsql

(7) Restart fpm-php for the changes to take effect.

sudo systemctl restart php-fpm

If the WEB server is Apache, Apache will be restarted, but if it is Nginx, fpm-php will be restarted.

(8) Create postgres.php to check the connection from your browser.

sudo vi /usr/share/nginx/html/postgres.php

In insert mode, describe as follows → save.

`python`


<?php

$DBHOST = "127.0.0.1";
$DBPORT = "5432";
$DBNAME = "postgres";
$DBUSER = "postgres";
$DBPASS = "postgres";

try{
  //DB connection
  $dbh = new PDO("pgsql:host=$DBHOST;port=$DBPORT;dbname=$DBNAME;user=$DBUSER;password=$DBPASS");
  print("Successful connection".'<br>');
}catch(PDOException $e){
  print("Connection Failed".'<br>');
  print($e.'<br>');
  die();
}
//Close the connection to the database
$dbh = null;
?>

The source code is borrowed from @ ga_ku's How to connect to PostgreSQL with PHP | Qiita (partially modified).

(8) Hit the following URL in your browser, and if "Connection successful" is displayed, it's OK!

http://Public IPv4 DNS/postgres.php

With this, the environment construction → operation check from the browser has been completed!

At the end

Apache and MySQL are good, but I want to touch on Nginx and PostgreSQL, which I'm not familiar with. I especially stumbled on the link between PostgreSQL and PHP (PDO), but I'm glad I was able to do it.

This time it is a tutorial, so I omitted it, but if you use it in a Japanese environment, it is best to change the time zone setting of Amazon Linux 2 itself.

[Linux] Timezone change | Qiita Is very helpful.

reference

Comparison with LAMP

LAMP / Linux Travel Tips 055 | Linuc

procedure

1. Software installation

Nginx

Summary of Nginx settings | Qiita

PostgreSQL