[Ruby on Rails] Change URL id to column name

Introduction

In Rails, when you use the resources method in routes.rb, the: id parameter is usually used by default, In some cases, you may want to change the display. This time, I will describe how to change id to name column.

Target

↓

Development environment

ruby 2.5.7 Rails 5.2.4.3 OS: macOS Catalina

Premise

• If you select ▶ ◯◯, explanations will be displayed. I hope you can refer to it if you are not sure.

[Ruby on Rails] How to log in with only your name and password using gem devise We will change the URL based on this.

Preparation

In the prerequisite article, the URL is mypage, so This time, I will dare to make the URL with an id.

• Only the changes will be described.

config/routes.rb

get 'mypage', to: 'homes#mypage'
↓
get 'mypage/:id', to: 'homes#mypage', as: 'mypage'

app/controllers/users/registrations_controller.rb

def after_sign_up_path_for(resource)
  mypage_path
end
↓
def after_sign_up_path_for(resource)
  mypage_path(@user)
end

app/controllers/users/sessions_controller.rb

def after_sign_in_path_for(resource)
  mypage_path
end
↓
def after_sign_in_path_for(resource)
  mypage_path(@user)
end

app/controllers/homes_controller.rb

def mypage
end
↓
def mypage
  @user = User.find(params[:id])
end

Now you have a URL with an id.

Change id to name column

Eliminate URLs with the same name

In order to make the URL a column, it is necessary to eliminate the same name. Then apply validation.

Model validation

app/models/user.rb

validates :name, uniqueness: true

DB validation

Terminal

$ rails g migration add_index_users_name

db/migrate/xxxxxxxxxxxxx_add_index_users_name.rb

class AddIndexUsersName < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def change
    add_index :users, :name, unique: true
  end
end

Terminal

$ rails db:migrate

Actually change id to name

It is important to set find to find_by.

config/routes.rb

get 'mypage/:id', to: 'homes#mypage', as: 'mypage'
↓
get 'mypage/:name', to: 'homes#mypage', as: 'mypage'

app/controllers/homes_controller.rb

def mypage
  @user = User.find(params[:id])
end
↓
def mypage
  @user = User.find_by(name: params[:id])
end

In addition, to specify the link destination by name Use the to_param method,

app/models/user.rb

validates :name, uniqueness: true

#↓ Add
def to_param
  name
end

This should be the same as your goal.

When using resources

It is OK if you add the following to resources.

resources :users, param: :name

 Now the link destination should also be displayed by name.


# Summary
 By making it a character string instead of a number like this,
 It is easy to understand which page you are on, which makes it more convenient.
 Also, if you use a number ID in a service like SNS,
 It's not a recommended method because you'll know how many registrants you have right now.
 In that case, please try this method.

 Also, on twitter, technologies and ideas that have not been uploaded to Qiita are also uploaded, so
 I would be grateful if you could follow me.
 Click here for details https://twitter.com/japwork