[PYTHON] The world's most easy-to-understand explanation of how to make LINE BOT (3) [Linkage with server with Git]

Introduction

This time, we will synchronize the application files created locally (Mac) with the remote (server). Use Git to sync your project's files.

Manage your projects with Git

I've noticed that managing source code these days has become more and more Git. Some may say that SubVersion has been used.

There are basically advantages and disadvantages to using anything, but unless you do complicated things, Git is basically not difficult, so here we will use Git to manage the source code. ..

What is Git?

I will leave the explanation about Git to others, but I will write only the merit.

• Easily sync local (Mac at hand) and remote (server) programs
• Multiple people can operate the same project

In particular, when developing alone, the former often benefits. I can't think of starting to use Git by exchanging files with FTP one by one.

Click here for an easy-to-understand commentary on Git ・ Introduction to Git that even monkeys can understand

It is in this commentary article, but when the latter multiple people operate the same project, it looks like this.

It is centrally managed in a place called remote repository (think of it as the cloud), and it is cloned (downloaded) to a local PC to start work. Reflecting the differences you have edited in the remote repository is called Push, and reflecting changes made by others to the remote repository in your local repository is called Pull.

Basically, it's about this, so I think it's okay to have a policy of remembering while using it.

• When working on a project with multiple people, it is highly possible that Git beginners will ruin the project from experience, so it is recommended that you learn how to use it before joining. To that end, let's do it alone first.

Push local repository (Mac) to remote repository (BitBucket)

Now let's use Git to push the local repository (Mac) to the remote repository (BitBucket).

Here, we will use a service called BitBucket as a remote repository.

Perhaps the most famous remote repository for Git is GitHub. However, since GitHub charges for private repositories (repositories kept private to others), let's use BitBucket, which has free private repositories. Since it is often difficult to set up the cooperation between BitBucket and local or remote via SSH, I will leave the explanation here as well, and I will proceed on the assumption that Git can be used locally and remotely.

Creating a remote repository (BitBucket)

Access BitBucket (register if you have not registered an account) and create a new repository. You can create a new repository from the "Repository" pull-down.

Let's decide the name of the repository and create it as follows.

• It is easier to manage intuitively if the repository name and the directory (folder) name are the same.

This completes the remote repository creation.

Linking local and remote

Refer to "I will start from scratch" on this screen to link the local repository and the remote repository.

Now, let's work locally (Mac). Before working, move to the created ʻapi` directory (this is called the working directory).

Initialize git

First, initialize git in your working directory.

Initialize git

$ git init

Then, although it is a hidden directory, a directory called .git will be created, and information about git will be managed here.

Create .gitignore

.gitignore is a file that specifies extensions and files that git does not manage. If you don't specify this, all files will be managed by git, and small temporary files will cause conflicts (often called conflicts) in remote repositories.

Of course it is difficult for beginners to say which extension should be omitted from the control of git (I do not know), but this is gitignore.io /) Will tell you everything.

Now enter Python and Django to generate a .gitignore file.

As you can see, the file to be written to .gitignore will appear, so copy and paste it into .gitignore.

.Editing gitignore

$ vim .gitignore

I edited .gitignore in vim as follows.

.gitignore

# Created by https://www.gitignore.io/api/python,django

### Python ###
# Byte-compiled / optimized / DLL files
__pycache__/
*.py[cod]
*$py.class

# C extensions
*.so

# Distribution / packaging
.Python
env/
build/
develop-eggs/
dist/
downloads/
eggs/
.eggs/
lib/
lib64/
parts/
sdist/
var/
*.egg-info/
.installed.cfg
*.egg

# PyInstaller
#  Usually these files are written by a python script from a template
#  before PyInstaller builds the exe, so as to inject date/other infos into it.
*.manifest
*.spec

# Installer logs
pip-log.txt
pip-delete-this-directory.txt

# Unit test / coverage reports
htmlcov/
.tox/
.coverage
.coverage.*
.cache
nosetests.xml
coverage.xml
*,cover
.hypothesis/

# Translations
*.mo
*.pot

# Django stuff:
*.log
local_settings.py

# Flask stuff:
instance/
.webassets-cache

# Scrapy stuff:
.scrapy

# Sphinx documentation
docs/_build/

# PyBuilder
target/

# Jupyter Notebook
.ipynb_checkpoints

# pyenv
.python-version

# celery beat schedule file
celerybeat-schedule

# dotenv
.env

# virtualenv
.venv/
venv/
ENV/

# Spyder project settings
.spyderproject

# Rope project settings
.ropeproject


### Django ###
*.pyc
db.sqlite3
media

If you can't input or save with vim, please copy and paste according to the following 6 steps.

1. 1. Select and copy all the content generated by gitignore.io ２．$ vim .gitignore
2. 3. Press ʻi` to enter mode (shown below --INSERT-)
3. Paste as usual with command + v
4. Press ʻesc` to exit input mode
5. Type : wq to save and exit vim

This completes the .gitignore settings.

Linking with the remote

Finally, name the remote specified repository ʻorigin` and define the correspondence.

Linking with the remote

$ git remote add origin [email protected]:#{your_name}/api.git

This command completes the remote-local mapping.

Push everything to a remote repository

First, don't worry about the details at first, push everything except the ones omitted in .gitignore.

Push everything to the master branch

$ git add .
$ git commit -m 'first commit'
$ git push origin master
Counting objects: 18, done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (15/15), done.
Writing objects: 100% (18/18), 6.12 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 18 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0)
To [email protected]:#{your_name}/api.git
 * [new branch]      master -> master

Check with BitBucket

If you access the "source" in the BitBucket repository, you can see that the local information is sent remotely and synchronized.

Push is now complete remotely.

Clone from remote repository (BitBucket) to local repository (server)

Now that I have synced the files I had on my Mac to the remote repository, I will clone (≒ download) that information to the server side. In addition, we will proceed on the assumption that the SSH key with BitBucket has already been registered on the server side.

• Reference: Notes on using Bitbucket ①-Try git clone to Sakura vps or company linux

Log in to the server and change to the directory you want to clone. The commands required for cloning can be obtained from BitBucket.

Now, the command for clone can be obtained as follows, so copy it.

After that, execute the copied command on the server.

$ git clone [email protected]:#{your_name}/api.git

The same file is now created on the server, and the integration with the server is complete.

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