I want to email from Gmail using Python.

Hi everyone, long time no see. Little by little, I'll start posting.

This theme

Log in to gmail with Python and send an email.

reference

~ Sending mail using Gmail with Python ~

Flow of sending an email

Create and send MIME

It's really easy.

When the above flow is disassembled, three steps are required.

1. Compose a message using the MIMEText class
2. Log in to gmail and send

1. Compose a message using the MIMEText class

create_msg.py

from email.mime.text import MIMEText


def create_msg(from_email, to_email):
    #The contents of the e-mail
    subject = "Today's Todo"
    message = '''
        <ul>
            <li>About MINE Text</li>
            <li>About SMTP</li>
            <li>Web technology book</li>
            <li>About MVC model</li>
        </ul>
    '''
    #Explanation 1
    msg = MIMEText(message, "html")
    msg["Subject"] = subject
    msg["To"] = to_email
    msg["From"] = from_email

    return msg

Commentary

Explanation 1

*class email.mime.text.MIMEText(_text, _subtype='plain', _charset=None, , policy=compat32) This is the argument of the MINEText class. This time, "_text" and "_subtype" are set. "_text" is set to the message you want to send this time, and since you want to display it in HTML format, "html" is passed to "_subtype".

After that, the subject, destination, and source are passed to this MIMEText class. This completes the message composition for sending.

reference

email.mine: Create email and MIME objects from scratch

2. Log in to gmail

gmail.py

    #Explanation 1
    gmail = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com", 587)
    #For confirmation when authentication fails
    gmail.set_debuglevel(True)
    
    gmail.ehlo()
    if gmail.has_extn('STARTTLS'):
        #Switch to encrypted communication
        gmail.starttls()
    gmail.ehlo()
    #Explanation 2
    gmail.login(from_email, from_password)
    #Send email
    gmail.send_message(msg)

Commentary

Explanation 1

First, SMTP class smtplib.SMTP(host='', port=0, local_hostname=None, [timeout, ]source_address=None) Written in. SMTP Protocol Client

I'm using gmail this time, so host='smtp.gmail.com' port=587 It was made. See the Google Help below to find out where these came from. Google Help

Explanation 2

Then log in. You can log in with gmail.login (from_email, from_password). from_email put your email address, For from_password, enter your gmail password. There is one pitfall here.

By default, Gmail can't send mail from local Python because it reverses the source IP address and rejects the connection if the domain isn't found. For this reason, it is necessary to turn on ** "Allow access to the account from insecure apps" ** in advance from the account settings. This poses a security risk, so we recommend that you create a separate learning account.

Setting method

Go to "Security" from your Google Account (https://myaccount.google.com/) to enable access to insecure apps.

Also, the host and port number will vary depending on the provider.

Whole source code

main.py

from email.mime.text import MIMEText
import smtplib


def send_email(email):
    #Your account
    from_email="Your Gmail address"
    from_password="Password to log in to Gmail"

    #Destination
    to_email = email

    #Compose a message
    msg = create_msg(from_email, to_email)

    gmail = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com", 587)
    #For confirmation when authentication fails
    gmail.set_debuglevel(True)
    
    gmail.ehlo()
    if gmail.has_extn('STARTTLS'):
        #Switch to encrypted communication
        gmail.starttls()
    gmail.ehlo()
    #Explanation 2
    gmail.login(from_email, from_password)
    #Send email
    gmail.send_message(msg)


def create_msg(from_email, to_email):
    #The contents of the e-mail
    subject = "Today's Todo"
    message = '''
        <ul>
            <li>About MINE Text</li>
            <li>About SMTP</li>
            <li>Web technology book</li>
            <li>About MVC model</li>
        </ul>
    '''
    #Explanation 1
    msg = MIMEText(message, "html")
    msg["Subject"] = subject
    msg["To"] = to_email
    msg["From"] = from_email

    return msg


if __name__ == '__main__':
    to_addr = 'Email address of the person you want to send'
    send_email(to_addr)

List of reference materials

Error when trying to send mail by Gmail from the program email.mine: Create email and MIME objects from scratch SMTP Protocol Client Google Help