[LINUX] Try installing only the core part of Ubuntu

This article is the 22nd day article of "Linux Advent Calendar 2019".

About the minimum environment of Ubuntu

When you install Ubuntu, everything comes with it. Not to mention the desktop environment,

File manager
Firefox
gedit
Thunderbird

etc… This time, I will install __Ubuntu core part __ in VirtualBox without installing all of them.

What to prepare

PC with VirtualBox installed
Network environment

Install immediately

1. Download

Access the Download Page.
Click [Go to jp.ubuntu.com download page].
As you scroll, you will see [Other download methods], so click on it.
Click the version you like from [Network installer].

Select "18.04 LTS" this time.

You will be given a choice of architecture, so choose the one that suits your environment.

This time, select "32-bit Intel / AMD (x86)" [^ 1].

Some files and folders will appear, but click [mini.iso] to download

The mini.iso of this Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (i836) is [here](http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic-updates/main/installer-i386/current/images/netboot/mini. iso)

From the setup of VirtualBox, there is no time to write everything, so I will write the part that seems to be important.

2. VirtualBox setup

Name and operating system

The name is a virtual machine name, so you can use it as you like, but it won't work unless you specify the type and version properly.

item name	Choices
type	Linux
version	Ubuntu (64-bit)

Memory size / hard disk

The minimum installation startup conditions like this one are not officially stated. There is Ubuntu Server in a similar environment, so if you follow the startup conditions of it, there is almost no problem. By the way, the startup conditions for Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS are as follows.

CPU	memory	Disk space
1GHz or higher (64bit)	1GB or more	5GB or more

CPU and memory from this site. The disk space is the number that I installed once and thought "I need this much".

Insert installation disc

Put the mini.iso you downloaded earlier in a virtual optical drive.

Click [Settings].
Click Storage.
Click the part marked "Empty", click the disk mark on the right end, and click [Select Virtual Optical Disc File].

Select the mini.iso you downloaded earlier.

Click OK.

3. Installation

Keyboard settings

You will be asked if you want the keyboard layout to be detected automatically, but select .
You will be asked about the country of the keyboard, so select [Japanese].

Select [English (US)] for the US keyboard.

You will be asked for the keyboard layout, so select [Japanese].

For Mac users, select [Japanese]. Please note that if you select [Japanese --Japanese (Macintosh)], you will only be able to input kana after __!

Disk partitioning

The selection here can be [Guide-Use the entire disk].

LVM is a disk management function that can handle multiple hard disks and partitions as one disk [^ 2]. This time there is only one disk so it doesn't matter.

You will be asked to select the disk to partition, but only the virtual hard disk created with VirtualBox will appear, so select it.
When the disk write confirmation is displayed, select to start the installation of the base system.

Software selection

The heart of this article. You will be asked what other software to install. If you select without selecting anything here, Ubuntu with only the core part will be completed.

Installing the GRUB bootloader on your hard disk

You will be asked if you want to install the GRUB bootloader, select . If you do not install this, you will not be able to start even if you install it.

Installation complete

Last setting.

You will be asked if you want to set the system time to UTC, so if you are not particular about the system time, is fine.
Since the installation is complete, it is said that the installation disk is removed, so remove it from the VirtualBox settings.

__ Eject Disk (VirtualBox) __

Click [Settings].
Click Storage.
Click the part labeled "mini.iso", click the disk mark on the far right, and click [Remove Disk from Virtual Drive].

Finally, select and reboot to complete the installation. I'm tired.

Finally start

When the installation is complete, remove the disk and select to reboot and launch the installed Ubuntu. When this screen appears, enter the user name set during installation. Then the password. Login completed. Various things will come out, but only this first time.

Troubleshooting after installation

1. Problem with "\ * ERROR \ * Failed to send log" at startup

Perhaps when you start using it with the default settings, you'll see something like this when you log in. There is no problem in operating it, but it feels uncomfortable.

Solution

Shut down Ubuntu once.

Open [Settings].
Set the "Graphic Controller" in the display to [VBox SVGA].

After setting

No complaints.

2. Problem with "◆"

When I'm using it, the letters become "◆" and I don't know what it is.

Well, like this.

Solution

Open .bashrc in your home directory with nano or something.
```
nano ~/.bashrc
```

Add the following to the end and save.

#Fix diamond character.
case $TERM in
linux) LANG=C ;;
*)     LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8;;
esac

When saving with nano, Ctrl + O → Y

Reflect .bashrc.
```
source ~/.bashrc
```

After setting

It's good.

By the way, if you set the language to English at the time of installation, you will not encounter this. Even if you install it in Japanese, the CUI is in English anyway, so you may proceed with the installation in English.

Summary

As a result of installing in variable size vdi format, the capacity of the virtual hard disk is less than 3.5GB. It was a great installation method for me, who hates eating a lot of space. By the way, when I hit df -BM on Ubuntu, it was supposed to use about 2.5GB.

There may be differences depending on the person.

I think this is enough for people who install Ubuntu but only use the terminal. At least I'm satisfied with this.

[^ 1]: When "64bit Intel / AMD (x86_64)" is installed, [loop phenomenon occurs] during the installation process when Japanese is selected in the language selection (https://forums.ubuntulinux. jp / viewtopic.php? id = 20057).