Make Amazon Linux 2 (CentOS) GUI
Make Amazon Linux 2 (CentOS) GUI
This time, I will install Mate on Amazon Linux 2 (CentOS 7) and make it a GUI. Just making it a GUI is not good, so I would like to install Google Chrome so that I can surf the Internet. Also, I would like to be able to access the Internet with Google chrome and browse websites like Windows instead of command operation.
This goal
Make it available like the image below.
Prerequisite environment
--The EC2 AMI to be used is Amazon Linux2 (CentOS) --EC2 sets a security group so that it can be accessed by SSH and VNC from a client terminal (Windows 10 at home) --VNC software uses tigerVNC --For desktop environment, install and use MATE (reading: mate) --Install UltraVNC viewer on VNC client --The user used for VNC login is ec2-user
procedure
- Deploy EC2 and build an environment where you can connect with SSH
- Install GUI software (MATE), tigerVNC (VNC software), and Google chrome packages on EC2.
- Install Ultra VNC viewer on the client terminal
- Make a VNC connection from the client terminal to EC2
I actually tried it
There are many detailed articles about 1., so I will omit it. Let's start with 2. First, connect to EC2 with SSH, and the user will proceed with ec2-user.
Install the #MATE package. sudo amazon-linux-extras install mate-desktop1.x
Define #MATE as the default desktop. It also defines MATE for all users. sudo bash -c 'echo PREFERRED=/usr/bin/mate-session > /etc/sysconfig/desktop'
Install #TigerVNC. sudo yum install tigervnc-server
ec2-Set a 6-8 character VNC-specific password for user.
vncpasswd
When prompted to enter a display-only password, press "n".
Start the VNC server with display number 1.
vncserver :1
Copy the vncserver systemd unit created by default and create another new systemd unit.
sudo cp /lib/systemd/system/[email protected] /etc/systemd/system/[email protected]
Replace all statements in the new unit with the actual user (ec2-user).
sudo sed -i 's/<USER>/ec2-user/' /etc/systemd/system/[email protected]
#systemd Reloads the manager settings. sudo systemctl daemon-reload
#Enable the service. sudo systemctl enable vncserver@:1
#Start the service. sudo systemctl start vncserver@:1
The GUI setting is now the environment. However, it is written in English as it is, and since Google chrome is not installed, we will Japaneseize the desktop environment and install Google chrome.
First, set the Japanese localization of the desktop environment. Install IME ibus and Japanese font google-noto-sans-japanese-fonts so that you can enter Japanese.
sudo yum install ibus-kkc
sudo yum install google-noto-sans-japanese-fonts
ibus settings are described in bashrc.
vi ~/.bashrc
Add the following to the end of the file to save the file.
export GTK_IM_MODULE=ibus
export XMODIFIERS=@im=ibus
export QT_IM_MODULE=ibus
ibus-daemon -drx
#Change the locale setting. sudo localectl set-locale LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8
#Reboot to reflect the setting change. reboot
This completes Japanese. Next, install the Google Chrome package. From here on, execute the command as a user with root privileges.
#Create a repository file. sudo vi /etc/yum.repos.d/google-chrome.repo
Describe the following in the file contents.
[google-chrome]
name=google-chrome
baseurl=http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/rpm/stable/$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub
Update # yum sudo yum update
#Install the package. sudo yum install google-chrome-stable
Check if the installation was successful.
google-chrome --version
If the version is displayed, it's OK.
This completes all the settings made on the EC2 side. After that, install VNC viewer on the client terminal and try accessing it.
Install UltraVNC viewer from the following site. Window Company
Launch Ultra VNC viewer
Enter in the format ["ELastic IP address": 5901] and enter the registered PW.
It is OK if it is displayed like this.
Then launch Google Chrome.
I think I can surf the internet safely. This completes the settings.
Finally
Even with 1GB of memory, it works smoothly (laughs). After all Linux is light! It may be convenient when you cannot surf the network directly from your PC due to various reasons.
Referenced website
Procedure to install GUI desktop environment (MATE) on Amazon Linux2 Tutorial for building a scraping environment with CentOS7 x Chrome AWS Official
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