[No need for Gem! !! HTML & CSS only] Easy way for beginners to create drop-down menus
Introduction
I want to create a hamburger menu or drop-down menu, but I don't know how to install *** Gem *** · *** JavaScript *** doesn't work as I expected. This article is recommended for such beginners.
Development environment
・ Rails 6.0.0 ・ MySQL 5.6.50
Drop-down menu implementation
I will explain the flow of how to implement the drop-down menu immediately. By the way, the drop-down menu is the following menu.
Press "..." to display the menu.
I often see it, but it is troublesome to do it with JavaScript, and I think that introducing Gem and jQuery for Bootstrap introduction is a high hurdle for beginners.
Then I will explain.
1) Initial setting in application.html.erb
First, load the necessary items such as Bootstrap in app/views/layouts/application.html.erb.
Below is the HTML code I used when I created the dropdown menu.
ruby:views/layouts/application.html.erb
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>PlansApp</title>
<%= csrf_meta_tags %>
<%= csp_meta_tag %>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://yui.yahooapis.com/3.18.1/build/cssreset/cssreset-min.css">
<%= stylesheet_link_tag 'application', media: 'all', 'data-turbolinks-track': 'reload' %>
<%= javascript_pack_tag 'application', 'data-turbolinks-track': 'reload' %>
<link href="https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.6.1/css/all.css" rel="stylesheet">
#I'm loading bootstrap here
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-ggOyR0iXCbMQv3Xipma34MD+dH/1fQ784/j6cY/iJTQUOhcWr7x9JvoRxT2MZw1T" crossorigin="anonymous">
</head>
<body>
<%= yield %>
#The following 3 lines of script tags are added so that they can be used in HTML.
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-q8i/X+965DzO0rT7abK41JStQIAqVgRVzpbzo5smXKp4YfRvH+8abtTE1Pi6jizo" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.14.7/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha384-UO2eT0CpHqdSJQ6hJty5KVphtPhzWj9WO1clHTMGa3JDZwrnQq4sF86dIHNDz0W1" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.3.1/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-JjSmVgyd0p3pXB1rRibZUAYoIIy6OrQ6VrjIEaFf/nJGzIxFDsf4x0xIM+B07jRM" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
</body>
</html>
This completes the initial settings.
2) Write HTML
After making the initial settings, we will write the HTML of the drop-down menu immediately. Specifically, it is best to have them look at the formula and arrange it, but I will introduce the ones that I referred to and the ones that I created.
Reference article example
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarSupportedContent" aria-controls="navbarSupportedContent" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarSupportedContent">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdown" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdown">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
In my case, there was a problem such as the layout being broken because there was a list tag.
So I arranged it as follows.
Arrangement example
<a class="nav-link" href="#" id="navbarDropdown" role="button" datatoggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<i class="fas fa-ellipsis-h"></i>
</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdown">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Comment history</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Users who are following</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<%= link_to 'Log out', destroy_user_session_path, method: :delete, class: "dropdown-item" %>
</div>
In my case, I used icons etc. with fontAwesome, and because it is an application under development, there are sparse places where there is a path specification, but I arranged it like this.
3) Apply CSS
At this point, all you have to do is write the CSS as you like. For reference, I will introduce a description example of the reference article below.
*** Apply to the following classes in HTML 7th line *** of the reference article.
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarSupportedContent">
For a detailed explanation of why it is applied to this class, please see the reference article, so please take a look.
[Beginner] I tried to decorate the bar after displaying the details of the hamburger menu
Reference article example
@media screen and (max-width: 992px) {
.collapse.navbar-collapse{
padding: 10%;
border-radius: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
background: linear-gradient(white, #cccccc) !important;
margin: 15%;
font-size: 1.7rem;
}
}
@media screen and (max-width: 992px) {
//For smartphones
.collapsing.navbar-collapse{
padding: 10%;
border-radius: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
background: linear-gradient(white, #cccccc) !important;
margin: 15%;
font-size: 1.7rem;
}
}
This completes the implementation of the drop-down menu. With this in mind, why not try to find some of your UI/UX skills?
References
[Beginner] I tried to decorate the bar after displaying the details of the hamburger menu
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