[LINUX] ubuntu20.04 + Geth installation procedure

Install Ethereum runtime environment on ubuntu 20.04. See here for the installation procedure for Virtual Box. https://qiita.com/kanazwk/items/5af85437ec556e23ef40

Click here for this reference site. https://book.ethereum-jp.net/

The following is a summary based on the log executed with the user name "kana".

Geth installation

Execute the following command to install Geth.

** Geth **: Go-Ethereum. Ethereum client software.

** PPA **: Personal Package Archive. A personal archive that is not included in the default official repository. Specify the Ethereum distribution source repository with add-apt-repository -y and add it to the local package list.

$ sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ethereum/ethereum
[sudo]kana password:
hit:1 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal InRelease
Get:2 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease [114 kB]
Get:3 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease [101 kB]
Get:4 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [263 kB]
Bean beans 5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease [109 kB]
Beans 倖 6 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ethereum/ethereum/ubuntu focal InRelease [17.5 kB]
Get:7 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [205 kB]
Get:8 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [2,468 B]
Get:9 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [1,768 B]
Get:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [24.2 kB]
Get:11 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [56.5 kB]
Get:12 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ethereum/ethereum/ubuntu focal/main i386 Packages [500 B]
Get:13 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ethereum/ethereum/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages [3,072 B]
Get:14 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ethereum/ethereum/ubuntu focal/main Translation-en [880 B]
Obtained 898 kB in 3 seconds(348 kB/s)
Loading the package list...Done
$

By updating the local package list, Geth will be recognized as installable.

$ sudo apt-get update
hit:1 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal InRelease
-・ Tanka ・ http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease
-・ Tanka ・ http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease
hit:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease
hit:5 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ethereum/ethereum/ubuntu focal InRelease
Loading the package list...Done
$

Install Geth. It takes a long time. About a few minutes.

$ sudo apt-get install ethereum
Loading the package list...Done
Creating a dependency tree
Reading status information...Done
The following packages were installed automatically but are no longer needed:
  libfprint-2-tod1
To remove this'sudo apt autoremove'Please use.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  abigen bootnode clef evm geth puppeth rlpdump
The following packages will be newly installed:
  abigen bootnode clef ethereum evm geth puppeth rlpdump
upgrade:0 pieces, new installation:8 deleted:0 pieces, pending:0 pieces.
36.I need to get a 0 MB archive.
An additional 127 MB of disk space will be consumed after this operation.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ethereum/ethereum/ubuntu focal/main amd64 abigen amd64 1.9.25+build24398+focal [5,451 kB]
Get:2 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ethereum/ethereum/ubuntu focal/main amd64 bootnode amd64 1.9.25+build24398+focal [5,285 kB]
Get:3 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ethereum/ethereum/ubuntu focal/main amd64 clef amd64 1.9.25+build24398+focal [8,024 kB]
46% [3 clef 7,598 kB/8,024 kB 95%]                                             225 kB/s 1 minute 18 seconds
:
thereum (1.9.25+build24398+focal)Is deploying...
rlpdump (1.9.25+build24398+focal)Is set...
puppeth (1.9.25+build24398+focal)Is set...
clef (1.9.25+build24398+focal)Is set...
bootnode (1.9.25+build24398+focal)Is set...
geth (1.9.25+build24398+focal)Is set...
evm (1.9.25+build24398+focal)Is set...
abigen (1.9.25+build24398+focal)Is set...
ethereum (1.9.25+build24398+focal)Is set...
$

Try running the geth command to confirm that it was installed.

$ geth --help

Package update

Update the installed Geth package. Update the local package list with apt-get update and update the packages with apt-get upgrade. There was no particular update.

$ sudo apt-get update
hit:1 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal InRelease
hit:2 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease
hit:3 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease
hit:4 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ethereum/ethereum/ubuntu focal InRelease
Get:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease [109 kB]
Get:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [24.3 kB]
Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [56.6 kB]
Obtained 190 kB in 2 seconds(81.1 kB/s)
Loading the package list...Done
$

$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Loading the package list...Done
Creating a dependency tree
Reading status information...Done
Detecting upgrade package...Done
The following packages were installed automatically but are no longer needed:
  libfprint-2-tod1
To remove this'sudo apt autoremove'Please use.
upgrade:0 pieces, new installation:0, deleted:0 pieces, pending:0 pieces.
$

Create a Genesis file

Create a Genesis file that describes the information of the Genesis block, which is the first block on the blockchain network.

$ pwd
/home/kana
$ mkdir ./eth_private_net
$ ls -ld ./eth_private_net/
drwxrwxr-x 2 kana kana 4096 December 27 18:39 ./eth_private_net/
$ cd eth_private_net/
$ touch myGenesis.json

Describe the following in the myGenesis.json file.

myGenesis.json

{
  "config": {
    "chainId": 15
  },
  "nonce": "0x0000000000000042",
  "timestamp": "0x0",
  "parentHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
  "extraData": "",
  "gasLimit": "0x8000000",
  "difficulty": "0x4000",
  "mixhash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
  "coinbase": "0x3333333333333333333333333333333333333333",
  "alloc": {}
}

Genesis block initialization

Initialize the blockchain information with the contents of the created Genesis file.

$ geth --datadir /home/kana/eth_private_net init /home/kana/eth_private_net/myGenesis.json
INFO [12-27|18:46:13.842] Maximum peer count                       ETH=50 LES=0 total=50
INFO [12-27|18:46:13.842] Smartcard socket not found, disabling    err="stat /run/pcscd/pcscd.comm: no such file or directory"
INFO [12-27|18:46:13.844] Set global gas cap                       cap=25000000
INFO [12-27|18:46:13.844] Allocated cache and file handles         database=/home/kana/eth_private_net/geth/chaindata cache=16.00MiB handles=16
INFO [12-27|18:46:13.855] Writing custom genesis block
INFO [12-27|18:46:13.855] Persisted trie from memory database      nodes=0 size=0.00B time="13.035 μs" gcnodes=0 gcsize=0.00B gctime=0s livenodes=1 livesize=0.00B
INFO [12-27|18:46:13.856] Successfully wrote genesis state         database=chaindata hash="7b2e8b …7e0432"
INFO [12-27|18:46:13.856] Allocated cache and file handles         database=/home/kana/eth_private_net/geth/lightchaindata cache=16.00MiB handles=16
INFO [12-27|18:46:13.864] Writing custom genesis block
INFO [12-27|18:46:13.865] Persisted trie from memory database      nodes=0 size=0.00B time="6.663μs"  gcnodes=0 gcsize=0.00B gctime=0s livenodes=1 livesize=0.00B
INFO [12-27|18:46:13.866] Successfully wrote genesis state         database=lightchaindata hash="7b2e8b…7e0432"

Data is stored under the directory specified by --datadir. The following directory structure was automatically generated.

$ ls -lR eth_private_net/
eth_private_net/:
12 in total
drwx------4 kana kana 4096 December 27 18:46 geth
drwx------2 kana kana 4096 December 27 18:46 keystore
-rw-rw-r--1 kana kana 411 December 27 18:41 myGenesis.json

eth_private_net/geth:
12 in total
-rw-r--r--1 kana kana 0 December 27 18:46 LOCK
drwxr-xr-x 2 kana kana 4096 December 27 18:46 chaindata
drwxr-xr-x 2 kana kana 4096 December 27 18:46 lightchaindata
-rw-------1 kana kana 64 December 27 18:46 nodekey

eth_private_net/geth/chaindata:
16 in total
-rw-r--r--1 kana kana 1245 December 27 18:46 000001.log
-rw-r--r--1 kana kana 16 December 27 18:46 CURRENT
-rw-r--r--1 kana kana 0 December 27 18:46 LOCK
-rw-r--r--1 kana kana 435 December 27 18:46 LOG
-rw-r--r--1 kana kana 54 December 27 18:46 MANIFEST-000000

eth_private_net/geth/lightchaindata:
16 in total
-rw-r--r--1 kana kana 1245 December 27 18:46 000001.log
-rw-r--r--1 kana kana 16 December 27 18:46 CURRENT
-rw-r--r--1 kana kana 0 December 27 18:46 LOCK
-rw-r--r--1 kana kana 435 December 27 18:46 LOG
-rw-r--r--1 kana kana 54 December 27 18:46 MANIFEST-000000

eth_private_net/keystore:
Total 0
$

Launch Geth

Start geth. --networkid" 15 " is a substitute that a node (peer) running with the same networkid comes to look for it. It goes to scan by default, but since --nodiscover is specified this time, that process is not performed. You can start a console that can operate transaction processing with console. You can also start it in the background and then start the console later.

$ geth --networkid "15" --nodiscover --datadir "/home/kana/eth_private_net" console 2>> /home/kana/eth_private_net/geth_err.log
Welcome to the Geth JavaScript console!

instance: Geth/v1.9.25-stable-e7872729/linux-amd64/go1.15.6
at block: 0 (Thu Jan 01 1970 09:00:00 GMT+0900 (JST))
 datadir: /home/kana/eth_private_net
 modules: admin:1.0 debug:1.0 eth:1.0 ethash:1.0 miner:1.0 net:1.0 personal:1.0 rpc:1.0 txpool:1.0 web3:1.0

To exit, press ctrl-d
>

View Genesis blocks

Display the contents of the Genesis block. Make sure that the contents of the created myGenesis.json are loaded.

> eth.getBlock(0)
{
  difficulty: 16384,
  extraData: "0x",
  gasLimit: 134217728,
  gasUsed: 0,
  hash: "0x7b2e8be699df0d329cc74a99271ff7720e2875cd2c4dd0b419ec60d1fe7e0432",
  logsBloom: "0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
  miner: "0x3333333333333333333333333333333333333333",
  mixHash: "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
  nonce: "0x0000000000000042",
  number: 0,
  parentHash: "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
  receiptsRoot: "0x56e81f171bcc55a6ff8345e692c0f86e5b48e01b996cadc001622fb5e363b421",
  sha3Uncles: "0x1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347",
  size: 507,
  stateRoot: "0x56e81f171bcc55a6ff8345e692c0f86e5b48e01b996cadc001622fb5e363b421",
  timestamp: 0,
  totalDifficulty: 16384,
  transactions: [],
  transactionsRoot: "0x56e81f171bcc55a6ff8345e692c0f86e5b48e01b996cadc001622fb5e363b421",
  uncles: []
}
>

Summary

This is the end of the introduction. Next time, I will try to create an account and mine.