Explaining the mechanism of Linux that you do not know unexpectedly
Hello, my name is Kazumi. This time I would like to explain the mechanism of Linux quickly.
What is Linux?
Like Mac and Windows, it is widely used in the OS (Operating System) from smartphones to the cloud.
** OS type **
Windows macOs Linux/UNIX iOS AndroidOS
There are two minimum ideas necessary to understand Linux, so I will explain from them.
Difference between hardware and software
As many of you may know about this difference, ** hardware ** refers to the computer machine itself. On the other hand, ** software is a program that runs on ** hardware.
It will be easier to understand if you imagine the relationship between the game console (= hardware) and the game software (= software).
Difference between basic software and applied software
There are two main types of software explained earlier. That is basic software and applied software.
Basic software refers to the OS, and application software refers to the applications that run on it. The basic software is Windows, Linux, and macOs, which I mentioned earlier. Word, Excel, etc. are application software.
Based on the above, what is Linux? It is easy to understand when you think about.
What are the features of Linux?
Shell and login
Linux provides an operation input environment with interactive commands. The shell understands and executes the command entered. Also, on Linux, enter the user name and password when you start using it. The combination of user name and password is called an account, and starting to use Linux with an account is called ** logging in **.
So how does Linux work?
The basic software described earlier is further divided into two areas. They are called ** kernel ** and ** userrad **.
kernel
The kernel is the core part of the OS and has the most core functions such as direct communication with the hardware. The kernel is responsible for absorbing hardware differences and allowing programs to run on any hardware.
Userland
It is the part other than the kernel required for the OS to operate. Refers to basic software such as file systems, file operation commands, and shells.
The figure is from Linux standard textbook
Linux programs use the GPL license format
It is one of the free software licenses including the following features.
Freedom to run the program Freedom to modify the source Freedom to use and redistribute Right to release an improved program
For more information, please refer to Understanding the OSS license (Do you know the difference between "use" and "use"?).
Comprehension test
What is the difference between hardware and software?
What is the difference between basic software and applied software?
What are the features of Linux?
Digression
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