[Creating] A memorandum about coding in Java

About string comparison

** When checking if a string matches a string in Java, it is strictly forbidden to use the == operator! Use the equals method! ** **

Notes on the equals method

・ Exception occurs when hoge is null in hoge.equals (“Hello”) ・ *** Exceptions can be prevented by bringing the value first, such as “Hello” .equals (hoge), or by determining hoge! = Null ***

comment

How to write

For one line

//comment

For multiple lines

/*
*comment
*/

About Javadoc

How to write

/**
 *Description (Summary explanation + Detailed explanation)
 *
 * block tags...(Block tag)
 */

Tag description

A description of the @param parameter (argument). @return A description of the return value. @author A description of the author of the program. @throw A description of the exception that is thrown.

References

About comment types Basic knowledge of Javadoc How to write Javadoc documentation comments

Map

What is Map?

There is a "key" for each value, and the "key" and "value" are paired.

How to use

Must be initialized with HashMap.

To declare a Map object using the HashMap class, write as follows.

Java

Map<Key model name,Value type name>Object name= new HashMap<>();

Add element with put

Describe as follows.

Java

Map type object name.put(Key,value);

Get element with get

Java

Map type object name.get(Key);

How to process Map elements in a loop

Loop processing with for, foreach

When handling the data registered in Map in a batch, it is common to process it in a loop.

Java does not have a foreach instruction, but it has the same processing method as foreach in other languages.

It is called an extended for statement.

Describe as follows.

Java

for(Type variable name:List name){
    System.out.println(Variable name);
}

Loop processing with iterator

You can also write loop processing using a mechanism called Iterator.

Describe as follows.

Java

for(Iterator<Map.Entry<Key model name,Value type name>> iterator = map.entrySet().iterator() ; iterator.hasNext() ;){
    Map.Entry<Key model name,Value type name> entry = iterator.next();
    System.out.println(entry.getKey() + " : " + entry.getValue());
}

Get and search the key value of Map

Get key with keySet

Unlike arrays and Lists, Maps have a mechanism called "keys".

To get only the name of the "key" in the Map, use the keySet method.

Describe as follows.

Java

Map type object name.keySet()

Search for key with containsKey

Use the containsKey method to determine if a particular "key" is included in the Map.

Describe as follows.

Java

Map type object name.containsKey(Key to search)

Ternary conditional operator

How to use

Conditional expression?Equation 1:Equation 2

Evaluates the conditional expression and returns expression 1 if it is true and expression 2 if it is false. One thing to keep in mind when writing the conditional operator is to make the data types of Expression 1 and Expression 2 the same. This is because it is inconvenient if the data types returned by TRUE (true) and FALSE (false) in the conditional expression are different, because some numerical value or character is returned as a result of the conditional expression.

The specific program is as follows.

Implementation example

ConditionalTest.java

/* ConditionalTest */
public class ConditionalTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int i = 2;
        int j = 3;
        int k = (i > j) ? 4 : 0;

        System.out.println("k = " + k);

        System.out.println("i = " + i);
        System.out.println((i >= j) ? "i is 3 or more" : "i is 3 or less");
    }
}

Compile and run results

C:\java>java ConditionalTest
k = 0
i = 2
i is 3 or less

How to fill with zeros

Use the format function. Reference: http://write-remember.com/program/java/format/

Description method

How to use

** Set the number of digits (6 digits ("% 6s") in the example below) in the first argument, Set the target character string in the second argument. ** **

Implementation example

test.java

public void formatTest2() {
    //Expected value
    String expected = "123";
    //000123 is assigned to result
    String result = String.format("%6s", "123").replace(" ", "0");

How to use Stream API

filter It is an intermediate operation. The argument is a lambda expression that is T-> boolean. Collect only elements whose expression is true.

forEach For the argument of forEach, pass a lambda expression such as (T)-> void. This is a termination operation that takes out elements one by one and performs some processing. Please refer to the following for how to use.

Implementation example

Only if the list has a start time and an end time, do end time-start time, The example is a method that sets a value for the required time.

calculateDuration.java

    protected List<String> calculateDuration(
            List<String> list) {
        list.stream()
        //Narrow down to those with both start time and end time set
        .filter(i -> !Strings.isEmpty(i.getTimeStart()) && !Strings.isEmpty(i.getTimeFin()))
         //End time-Subtract the start time and set it to the required time
        .forEach(i -> {
            String duration = Integer.toString(Integer.parseInt(i.getTimeFin()) - Integer.parseInt(i.getTimeStart()));
            i.setDuration(duration);
        });
        return list;
    }