** UNIX ** is a type of ** OS ** like ** Windows ** and ** macOS ** An OS specifically designed for servers, also known as ** "server OS" **
** UNIX ** has various compatible OS
Such
Among them, the most widely used is ** Linux ** There are many companies and organizations that distribute this ** Linux ** for free with their own configurations and functions, and the ** distribution format ** is called ** Distribution **.
** Typical Distribution **
Such These are slightly different OSs, but the basic commands are unified by the standard called POSIX. Since macOS is also an OS that has UNIX as its source, it can also be used in macOS terminals.
In the terminal, a program called ** Shell ** accepts user commands.
Execute super-basic commands such as creating, moving, copying, and deleting directories and files.
mkdir directory creation
$ mkdir unix_lesson
cd directory move
$ cd unix_lesson/
pwd Represents the current position with an absolute PATH
$ pwd
/Users/User/unix_lesson
touch file creation
$ touch lesson1.txt
Display a list of files in the ls directory
$ ls
lesson1.txt
echo Display character string
$ echo Hello!
Hello!
echo character string> file name Write the character string to the file
$ echo Hey! > lesson1.txt
cat Display the contents of the file
$ cat lesson1.txt
Hey!
Copy the cp file
$ touch lesson2.txt #Create a new file
$ cp lesson1.txt lesson2.txt #lesson1.Copy the contents of txt
$ cat lesson2.txt #Display contents
Hey!
mv Rename file or move file
** File name change ** mv (file name before change) (file name after change)
$ ls #Check the contents of the directory
lesson1.txt lesson2.txt
$ mv lesson1.txt unix.txt #lesson1.Rename txt
$ ls
lesson2.txt unix.txt
** Move files ** mv (file you want to move) (destination directory)
$ mkdir lesson_folder #lesson_Create a directory called folder
$ mv unix.txt lesson_folder #unix.txt lesson_Move to folder
$ cd lesson_folder/
$ ls
unix.txt
Delete the rm file
$ rm unix.txt
Delete the rmdir directory
$ rmdir lesson_folder
exit Exit the shell
$ exit
logout
Saving session...
...copying shared history...
...saving history...truncating history files...
...completed.
[The process is complete]
ps List running processes
$ ps
PID TTY TIME CMD
81600 ttys000 0:00.30 -bash
cal Display calendar
$ cal
December 2020
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28 29 30 31
date Display the current date and time
$ date
Thursday, December 24, 2020 19:15:06 JST
Search for find files
$ find unix_lesson/
unix_lesson/
unix_lesson//lesson2.txt
It's Christmas today. ..
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