[PYTHON] Format and display XML acquired by OpenWeatherMap API.

Hi, my name is Yoshiya Kato from Quick Italate Co., Ltd. I'm currently writing a blog post titled "Why I recommend python to get started".

What you want to do

** Get the weather forecast of the office in XML, format it and display it. ** **

environment

• Windows10 Home
• anaconda navigator 4.4.0
• python 3.6.1 --urllib --A library that retrieves content by specifying a URL) --ElementTree --A library that interprets and modifies XML files

Consider the components.

—— Find a service that provides enough information. --Investigate how to use the service. --Make a request. --Extract the necessary information from the acquired XML. --Display the extracted information neatly.

Weather API service candidates

If you search for "weather forecast API free" I found that the following services existed. -Livedoor Weather Web Service

• OpenWeatherMap This time, I would like to use "OpenWeatherMap".

API overview

OpenWeatherMap is structured so that detailed information can be obtained in various ways. I will extract it and make it a table.

• 1 The appid can be obtained from here after user registration from here.
• 2 You need to specify the location with "name", "id", "lat & lon", or "zip & contry". The [Location] of our office (http://www.quickiterate.com/pages/753180/page_201602191746) is set in the value example, but please specify the actual required location. Details on how to specify cityid and country can be found at here. Details of the API can be found at here (English. ^^;).

python code

Now that the information is ready, I would like to use python to get the information and display it in the form of formatted XML.

openweathermap.py

#Library import
import urllib.request
import urllib.parse
import xml.etree.ElementTree as et
import xml.dom.minidom as md
url='http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/forecast?' #Base URL settings
query = {
        'id'    : '1850144' ,
        'APPID' : 'XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX', #The appid you got
        'units'  : 'metric',
        'mode'  : 'xml'}#Value group to be set in the query
url = url + urllib.parse.urlencode(query) #Generate request URL
response = urllib.request.urlopen(url) #http request
root = et.fromstring(response.read()) #Store the retrieved content in XML Element

Check the contents of the url used for the request.

Check the generated url

print(url) #Show the contents of the url
http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/forecast?id=1850144&APPID=XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX&units=metric&mode=xml

Code to display xml

document = md.parseString(et.tostring(root, 'utf-8')) #minidom module parses XML Element
print(document.toprettyxml(indent="  ")) #Converts parsed XML information into a string with indentation and displays it

This is the XML that is actually formatted and output from the value returned by the request.

result.xml

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<weatherdata>
  <location>
    <name>Tōkyō-to</name>
    <type/>
    <country>JP</country>
    <timezone/>
    <location altitude="0" geobase="geonames" geobaseid="1850144" latitude="35.6895" longitude="139.6917"/>
  </location>
  <credit/>
  <meta>
    <lastupdate/>
    <calctime>0.0129</calctime>
    <nextupdate/>
  </meta>
  <sun rise="2017-06-23T19:26:28" set="2017-06-24T10:00:54"/>
  <forecast>
    <time from="2017-06-24T06:00:00" to="2017-06-24T09:00:00">
      <symbol name="broken clouds" number="803" var="04d"/>
      <precipitation/>
      <windDirection code="SSE" deg="148.001" name="South-southeast"/>
      <windSpeed mps="2.41" name="Light breeze"/>
      <temperature max="24.68" min="23.88" unit="celsius" value="23.88"/>
      <pressure unit="hPa" value="1015.57"/>
      <humidity unit="%" value="66"/>
      <clouds all="56" unit="%" value="broken clouds"/>
    </time>
・ ・ (Omitted in the middle) ・ ・
  </forecast>
</weatherdata>

Next time, I would like to extract the contents of XML and process it.

Sites, etc. that I referred to when writing the article

-Livedoor Weather Web Service

• OpenWeatherMap
• ElementTree XML API --Extensible library for opening URLs -Manipulating XML with Python -Output from python internal representation to xml --How to parse XML using Python's ElementTree

Thank you very much.