[PYTHON] Use cases for nested function definitions

This is a memo of how to implement the function ʻis_type_factory to create the function ʻis_y (x) that will cause an error if the type of the variable x is not y for multiple types as follows.

config.py


is_int = is_type_factory(int)
is_bool = is_type_factory(bool)
is_float = is_type_factory(float)
is_str = is_type_factory(str)
is_unicode = is_type_factory(compat.text_type)
is_text = is_instance_factory((str, bytes))

[pandas] I saw it in the source (https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/blob/master/pandas/core/config.py).

Nesting function definitions is an example of how to use it this way. The argument _type passed to ʻis_type_factory acts as a static variable in the returned function object ʻinner.

config.py


def is_type_factory(_type):
    """

    Parameters
    ----------
    `_type` - a type to be compared against (e.g. type(x) == `_type`)

    Returns
    -------
    validator - a function of a single argument x , which returns the
                True if type(x) is equal to `_type`

    """

    def inner(x):
        if type(x) != _type:
            raise ValueError("Value must have type '%s'" % str(_type))

    return inner



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