[PYTHON] Django Girls Tutorial Summary First Half

Learn how to create a simple blog with django at the Django Girls Tutorial (https://tutorial.djangogirls.org/en/). This article was written by me as a notebook for the review. Here is a summary of the steps and minimum operations for creating a django project.

Environment: Windows 10 + Visual Studio Code

1. Build a virtual environment and install django

Create a new working folder and move it.

terminal

> mkdir djangogirls
> cd djangogirls

Build and apply a virtual environment.

terminal

> python -m venv myvenv
> myvenv/Scripts/activate

Install django with pip. (Tutorial django version is 2.2.4)

terminal

(myvenv)> python -m pip install --upgrade pip
(myvenv)> pip install django==2.2.4

2. Create a project

Create a new project mysite. The project name is arbitrary.

terminal

(myvenv)> django-admin startproject mysite .

3. Change the configuration file (setting.py)

Change the values of the following items in setting.py on mysite.

mysite/setting.py

# 1.Set time zone
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Tokyo'

# 2.Set language
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'ja'

# 3.Set static file location
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')

# 4.Set host address
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['127.0.0.1', '.pythonanywhere.com']

# 5.Database settings
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}

4. Add app

Create a new app called blog on mysite.

terminal

(myvenv)> python manage.py startapp blog

Notify the project that you have added the app.

mysite/setting.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'blog.apps.BlogConfig',  #Added line
]

5. Add a model to your app

Add the Post model to your blog app.

blog/models.py

from django.conf import settings
from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone


class Post(models.Model):
    author = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    text = models.TextField()
    created_date = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
    published_date = models.DateTimeField(blank=True, null=True)

    def publish(self):
        self.published_date = timezone.now()
        self.save()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

Notify the DB that you have added the model. This operation is only necessary when creating a model.

terminal

(myvenv)> python manage.py makemigrations blog

[Migrate] the model (https://wa3.i-3-i.info/word17035.html). Do this if the model configuration changes in the future.

terminal

(myvenv)> python manage.py migrate blog

6. Register the administrator

Django has a feature called Django Admin A management screen that cannot be seen unless you log in with administrator privileges is automatically created for each project.

First, register a user with administrator privileges.

terminal

(myvenv)> python manage.py createsuperuser

Follow the instructions to register the information.

terminal

Username: ola
Email address: [email protected]
Password:
Password (again):
Superuser created successfully.

After that, you can log in to the management screen as a registered user.

7. Make the model visible from the admin screen

Make the created Post model visible on the management screen.

blog/admin.py

from django.contrib import admin
from .models import Post

admin.site.register(Post)

8. Start the server

terminal

(myvenv)> python manage.py runserver

Once started, you can access the admin screen, for example, from http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/.

9. Deploy the project

Please refer to here for deployment. It describes how to publish a small service using python anywhere for free.

Latter half

In Second half, set the URL and view. (making)