Mastering Kotlin ~ Convert Java File to Kotlin File Road to Graduation ~ Part 2

Introduction

When using Kotlin on Android etc., there are many people who automatically convert from Java with "Convert Java File to Kotlin File". It actually works, but it's a memo to take it one step further and make better use of Kotlin.

2nd time This time, you will learn the dynamic processing of View of Android Activity. Kotlin version: 1.3

Sample code before Kotlin conversion

First, prepare a sample written in Java. The processing is.

MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    Button buttonA;
    TextView textViewA;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        buttonA = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_A);
        buttonA.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Log.d("", "buttonA");
            }
        });

        textViewA = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_viewA);
        textViewA.setText(R.string.text1);

        TextView textViewB = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_viewB);
        textViewB.setText(R.string.text2);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onRestart() {
        super.onRestart();
        buttonA.setClickable(false);
        textViewA.setText(R.string.text2);
    }

Sample code after Kotlin conversion

If this is automatically converted and matched to the original shape, it will surely look like this ...

MainActivity.kt

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    var buttonA: Button? = null
    var textViewA: TextView? = null

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        buttonA = findViewById<View>(R.id.button_A) as Button
        buttonA?.setOnClickListener { Log.d("", "buttonA") }

        textViewA = findViewById<View>(R.id.text_viewA) as TextView
        textViewA?.setText(R.string.text1)

        val textViewB = findViewById<View>(R.id.text_viewB) as TextView
        textViewB.setText(R.string.text2)
    }

    override fun onRestart() {
        super.onRestart()
        buttonA?.isClickable = false
        textViewA?.setText(R.string.text2)
    }
}

What's wrong

For the time being, it can work without problems ... First, you have to unwrap Nullable (buttonA? ....) every time you use a member variable. findViewById as ***** The description is also meaningless.

Think about how to implement

There are two ways

1. Use "lateinit" as a member variable to determine the type of findViewById

MainActivity.kt

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    lateinit var buttonA: Button
    lateinit var textViewA: TextView

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        buttonA = findViewById<Button>(R.id.button_A)
        buttonA.setOnClickListener { Log.d("", "buttonA") }

        textViewA = findViewById<TextView>(R.id.text_viewA)
        textViewA.setText(R.string.text1)

        val textViewB = findViewById<TextView>(R.id.text_viewB)
        textViewB.setText(R.string.text2)
    }

    override fun onRestart() {
        super.onRestart()
        buttonA.isClickable = false
        textViewA.setText(R.string.text2)
    }
}

2. Use "Kotlin Android Extensions" Method 1 is fine, but it can be implemented more simply. That is "Kotlin Android Extensions (official link)"

It is necessary to add classpath to gradle to use

build.gradle

buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = '1.3.41'
    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.5.0'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
        //Add the following line
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-android-extensions:$kotlin_version"
    }
}

Now ready Can be implemented without using findViewById

MainActivity.kt

//* Additional import of ↓ is required
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        button_A.setOnClickListener { Log.d("", "buttonA") }

        text_viewA.text = getText(R.string.text1)
        
        text_viewB.text = getText(R.string.text2)
    }

    override fun onRestart() {
        super.onRestart()
        button_A.isClickable = false
        text_viewA.text = getText(R.string.text2)
    }
}

Very simple!