Output vector graphics images (PDF, SVG, PPT, EPS, SWF) with Java Graphics 2D and various libraries

Overview

--Output vector graphics images (PDF, SVG, PPT, EPS, SWF) using the Graphics2D class of the Java standard library and an external library. --Specific drawing processing is standardized using Graphics2D --Use an external library for output to various vector format image formats ――This program behaves like drawing using Graphics2D, but in reality, it is processed by a subclass of Graphics2D that supports various formats. --Also output PNG (Portable Network Graphics) images for confirmation

Library used

• PDF (Portable Document Format): Orson PDF
• SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics): Apache Batik
• PPT (PowerPoint): Apache POI
• EPS (Encapsulated PostScript): VectorGraphics2D
• SWF (Small Web Format / Shockwave Flash): FreeHEP VectorGraphics

This operating environment

• macOS Mojave
• OpenJDK 11.0.2
• Apache Maven 3.6.1

Source code

Source code list

--pom.xml: Maven build config file --App.java: Program to output to various formats

├── pom.xml
└── src
    └── main
        └── java
            └── com
                └── example
                    └── App.java

pom.xml: Maven build config file

--Various external libraries are added to dependencies --Introduces Maven Assembly Plugin to generate executable JAR files including dependent libraries

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>my-app</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>my-app</name>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- For PDF -->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.orsonpdf/orsonpdf -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.orsonpdf</groupId>
      <artifactId>orsonpdf</artifactId>
      <version>1.9</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- For SVG -->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.xmlgraphics/batik-all -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.xmlgraphics</groupId>
      <artifactId>batik-all</artifactId>
      <version>1.11</version>
      <type>pom</type>
    </dependency>
    <!-- For PPT -->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-scratchpad -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
      <artifactId>poi-scratchpad</artifactId>
      <version>4.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- For EPS -->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/de.erichseifert.vectorgraphics2d/VectorGraphics2D -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>de.erichseifert.vectorgraphics2d</groupId>
      <artifactId>VectorGraphics2D</artifactId>
      <version>0.13</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- For SWF -->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.freehep/freehep-graphicsio-swf -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.freehep</groupId>
      <artifactId>freehep-graphicsio-swf</artifactId>
      <version>2.4</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <!-- http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/ -->
      <plugin>
      <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.1</version>
      <executions>
        <execution>
        <phase>package</phase>
        <goals>
          <goal>single</goal>
        </goals>
        </execution>
      </executions>
      <configuration>
        <descriptorRefs>
        <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
        </descriptorRefs>
        <archive>
        <manifest>
          <mainClass>com.example.App</mainClass>
        </manifest>
        </archive>
      </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>

</project>

App.java: Program to output to various formats

package com.example;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.geom.Ellipse2D;
import java.awt.geom.Line2D;
import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import org.w3c.dom.DOMImplementation;

// PDF
import com.orsonpdf.Page;
import com.orsonpdf.PDFDocument;
import com.orsonpdf.PDFGraphics2D;

// SVG
import org.apache.batik.anim.dom.SVGDOMImplementation;
import org.apache.batik.svggen.SVGGraphics2D;

// PPT
import org.apache.poi.hslf.model.PPGraphics2D;
import org.apache.poi.hslf.usermodel.HSLFGroupShape;
import org.apache.poi.hslf.usermodel.HSLFSlide;
import org.apache.poi.hslf.usermodel.HSLFSlideShow;

// EPS
import de.erichseifert.vectorgraphics2d.Document;
import de.erichseifert.vectorgraphics2d.Processor;
import de.erichseifert.vectorgraphics2d.Processors;
import de.erichseifert.vectorgraphics2d.VectorGraphics2D;
import de.erichseifert.vectorgraphics2d.intermediate.CommandSequence;
import de.erichseifert.vectorgraphics2d.util.PageSize;

// SWF
import org.freehep.graphicsio.swf.SWFGraphics2D;

public class App {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    createPNG();
    createPDF();
    createSVG();
    createPPT();
    createEPS();
    createSWF();
  }

  /**
   *Draw.
   *
   * @param g Graphics2D object
   * @param w Width of drawing range
   * @param h Vertical width of drawing range
   */
  private static void draw(Graphics2D g, double w, double h) {
    //Line thickness
    g.setStroke(new BasicStroke((float) (w + h) / 20.0f));
    //background
    g.setPaint(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
    g.fill(new Rectangle2D.Double(0, 0, w, h));
    //Frame border
    g.setPaint(Color.BLUE);
    g.draw(new Rectangle2D.Double(0, 0, w, h));
    //Circle
    g.setPaint(Color.RED);
    g.fill(new Ellipse2D.Double(w / 4, h / 4, w / 2, h / 2));
    //line
    g.setPaint(new Color(255, 255, 0, 100));
    Line2D line = new Line2D.Double(w / 8, h / 8, w / 2, h / 2);
    g.draw(line);
  }

  /**
   * PNG (Portable Network Graphics)Output the file.
   */
  private static void createPNG() throws IOException {
    int w = 297 * 2;
    int h = 210 * 2;
    BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
    Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
    draw(g, w, h);
    ImageIO.write(image, "png", new File("png.png "));
  }

  /**
   * PDF (Portable Document Format)Output the file.
   */
  private static void createPDF() throws Exception {
    // 1 inch = 25.4mm = 72pt
    double w = 297 * 72 / 25.4;
    double h = 210 * 72 / 25.4;
    PDFDocument pdfDoc = new PDFDocument();
    Page page = pdfDoc.createPage(new Rectangle2D.Double(0, 0, w, h));
    PDFGraphics2D g = page.getGraphics2D();
    draw(g, w, h);
    pdfDoc.writeToFile(new File("pdf.pdf"));
  }

  /**
   * SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics)Output the file.
   */
  private static void createSVG() throws IOException {
    int w = 297 * 2;
    int h = 210 * 2;
    DOMImplementation domImpl = SVGDOMImplementation.getDOMImplementation();
    String svgNS = SVGDOMImplementation.SVG_NAMESPACE_URI;
    org.w3c.dom.Document doc = domImpl.createDocument(svgNS, "svg", null);
    SVGGraphics2D g = new SVGGraphics2D(doc);
    g.setSVGCanvasSize(new Dimension(w, h));
    draw(g, w, h);
    g.stream("svg.svg");
  }

  /**
   * PPT (PowerPoint)Output the file.
   */
  private static void createPPT() throws IOException {
    HSLFSlideShow ppt = new HSLFSlideShow();
    Dimension pageSize = ppt.getPageSize();
    double w = 297;
    double h = 210;
    double coef = Math.min(pageSize.getWidth() / w, pageSize.getHeight() / h);
    w = w * coef;
    h = h * coef;
    HSLFSlide slide = ppt.createSlide();
    HSLFGroupShape group = slide.createGroup();
    Rectangle2D bounds = group.getAnchor();
    bounds.setRect(0, 0, w, h);
    PPGraphics2D g = new PPGraphics2D(group);
    draw(g, w, h);
    try (FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("ppt.ppt")) {
      ppt.write(out);
    }
  }

  /**
   * EPS (Encapsulated PostScript)Output the file.
   */
  private static void createEPS() throws IOException {
    int w = 297 * 2;
    int h = 210 * 2;
    VectorGraphics2D g = new VectorGraphics2D();
    draw(g, w, h);
    CommandSequence commands = g.getCommands();
    Processor processor = Processors.get("eps");
    PageSize size = new PageSize(w, h);
    Document doc = processor.getDocument(commands, size);
    doc.writeTo(new FileOutputStream("eps.eps"));
  }

  /**
   * SWF (Small Web Format / Shockwave Flash)Output the file.
   */
  private static void createSWF() throws IOException {
    int w = 297 * 2;
    int h = 210 * 2;
    SWFGraphics2D g = new SWFGraphics2D(new File("swf.swf"), new Dimension(w, h));
    g.writeHeader();
    g.startExport();
    draw(g, w, h);
    g.endExport();
    g.dispose();
  }
}

Build and run the program

Generate a JAR file that can be run by Maven.

$ mvn package

Specify the JAR file with the java command and execute it.

$ java -jar target/my-app-1.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar

Now you can output 6 types of files: PNG, PDF, SVG, PPT, EPS and SWF.

Various output vector graphics image files

PNG (Portable Network Graphics)

PNG is not a vector image format, but it is included for comparison.

Check the information of the PNG file with the command.

$ file png.png
png.png: PNG image data, 594 x 420, 8-bit/color RGBA, non-interlaced

$ pngcheck png.png
OK: png.png (594x420, 32-bit RGB+alpha, non-interlaced, 99.3%).

The image was viewed with the macOS Mojave preview app.

PDF (Portable Document Format)

Check the PDF file information with the command.

$ file pdf.pdf
pdf.pdf: PDF document, version 1.4

$ pdfinfo pdf.pdf
Producer:       OrsonPDF 1.7
CreationDate:   Sun Jul 28 15:24:27 2019
ModDate:        Sun Jul 28 15:24:27 2019
Tagged:         no
Form:           none
Pages:          1
Encrypted:      no
Page size:      841.89 x 595.276 pts (A4) (rotated 0 degrees)
File size:      1138 bytes
Optimized:      no
PDF version:    1.4

The image was viewed with Adobe Acrobat Reader DC.

SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics)

Check the SVG file information with the command.

$ file svg.svg
svg.svg: SVG Scalable Vector Graphics image

$ identify svg.svg
svg.svg SVG 594x420 594x420+0+0 16-bit sRGB 1379B 0.000u 0:00.012

The image was viewed with Inkscape. You can check the object of vector data.

Since SVG is an XML document, the content is text data and it is easy to check. Here is the contents of the generated SVG file.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC '-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.0//EN'
          'http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-SVG-20010904/DTD/svg10.dtd'>
<svg stroke-dasharray="none" shape-rendering="auto" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" font-family="'Dialog'" width="594" text-rendering="auto" fill-opacity="1" contentScriptType="text/ecmascript" color-interpolation="auto" color-rendering="auto" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" font-size="12px" fill="black" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" stroke="black" image-rendering="auto" stroke-miterlimit="10" zoomAndPan="magnify" version="1.0" stroke-linecap="square" stroke-linejoin="miter" contentStyleType="text/css" font-style="normal" height="420" stroke-width="1" stroke-dashoffset="0" font-weight="normal" stroke-opacity="1"
><!--Generated by the Batik Graphics2D SVG Generator--><defs id="genericDefs"
  /><g
  ><g fill="silver" stroke-width="50.7" stroke="silver"
    ><rect x="0" width="594" height="420" y="0" stroke="none"
      /><rect fill="none" x="0" width="594" height="420" y="0" stroke="blue"
      /><ellipse rx="148.5" fill="red" ry="105" cx="297" cy="210" stroke="none"
    /></g
    ><g fill="rgb(255,255,0)" fill-opacity="0.3922" stroke-width="50.7" stroke-opacity="0.3922" stroke="rgb(255,255,0)"
    ><line y2="210" fill="none" x1="74.25" x2="297" y1="52.5"
    /></g
  ></g
></svg
>

PPT (PowerPoint)

Check the information in the PPT file with the command.

$ file ppt.ppt
ppt.ppt: Composite Document File V2 Document, Little Endian, Os: Windows, Version 5.1, Code page: 1252, Title: PowerPoint Presentation, Revision Number: 0, Name of Creating Application: Microsoft PowerPoint, Last Saved Time/Date: Mon Apr  7 20:47:14 2003, Number of Words: 0

The image was viewed with Keynote. You can check the object of vector data.

EPS (Encapsulated PostScript)

Check the EPS file information with the command.

$ file eps.eps
eps.eps: PostScript document text conforming DSC level 3.0, type EPS, Level 3

The image was viewed with the macOS Mojave preview app. You can check the object of vector data.

SWF (Small Web Format / Shockwave Flash)

Check the SWF file information with a command.

$ file swf.swf
swf.swf: Macromedia Flash data (compressed), version 8

The image was viewed with Elmedia Video Player.

Reference material

OrsonPDF

• Orson PDF
• GitHub - jfree/orsonpdf: A fast, lightweight PDF generator for the Java platform
• Overview (OrsonPDF version 1.7)

Apache Batik

• Apache(tm) Batik SVG Toolkit - a Java-based toolkit for applications or applets that want to use images in the Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)
• SVG Generator: SVGGraphics2D
• Overview (Apache Batik Javadoc)

Apache POI

• POI-HSLF and and POI-XLSF - Java API To Access Microsoft Powerpoint Format Files
• Busy Developers' Guide to HSLF drawing layer
• Overview (POI API Documentation)

VectorGraphics2D

• VectorGraphics2D
• GitHub - eseifert/vectorgraphics2d: Graphics2D implementations to export various vector file formats
• vectorgraphics2d/VectorGraphics2D.java at master · eseifert/vectorgraphics2d · GitHub

FreeHEP VectorGraphics

• freehep - FreeHEP VectorGraphics - Overview
• freehep-vectorgraphics/SWFGraphics2D.java at master · freehep/freehep-vectorgraphics · GitHub
• Overview (FreeHEP Vector Graphics 2.2.2-SNAPSHOT API)